1.What is intracranial infection? Intracranial infection is one of the more serious diseases of the central nervous system, mostly due to bacteria, viruses, parasites, mycoplasma, chlamydia, mycobacteria, rickettsia and other pathogens with the blood circulation, through the blood-brain barrier, invade the central nervous system, that is, the cranial brain, producing a series of symptoms, called intracranial infection; including encephalitis, meningitis and brain abscess. 2.What are the clinical manifestations of intracranial infections? It can occur at any age, and the incubation period is usually from 2 to 21 days, with an average of one week; the prodromal period may have symptoms such as fever, general malaise, drowsiness and limb pain. Acute onset. Patients with encephalitis mostly show symptoms of brain parenchymal damage, with convulsions, aphasia, mental abnormalities, mental retardation, limb hemiparesis, and even coma. Meningitis, due to invasion of the meninges, mainly manifests as headache, vomiting, neck tonicity and meningeal irritation signs. Brain abscesses, in addition to the above infection symptoms such as fever, mostly produce manifestations of focal brain damage due to the occupancy of different parts of the abscess. In severe cases or in patients with delayed treatment, death may occur due to massive brain parenchymal infection, inflammatory brain edema, or even brainstem infection. 3.How is intracranial infection diagnosed? If intracranial infection is suspected, lumbar puncture should be performed to retrieve cerebral crest fluid for examination to clarify the specific pathogenic bacteria in the cerebral crest fluid. It should be noted here that because false negative brain crest fluid cultures are common, if a single brain crest fluid test result is negative, brain crest fluid cultures can be obtained several times. In addition, tuberculous meningitis is difficult to detect pathogenic bacteria in brain crest fluid, which requires doctors to have a comprehensive understanding of the patient’s condition and make a comprehensive assessment based on their own experience and brain crest fluid routine, biochemistry, pressure and head CT and MRI films. 4.Can intracranial infections be treated? It may be caused by viral infection, myocardial infection, fungal infection, or tuberculosis infection, or by craniotomy or intracranial placement of foreign body. This kind of disease is relatively difficult to treat, but as long as the correct treatment is actively taken, most of them can still recover and can be eventually cured, so there is no need to worry too much. So what is meant by timely and proper treatment? For example, hydrocephalus is a common disease in clinical neurosurgery, and the classic treatment method is ventriculoperitoneal shunt. However, this type of surgery is prone to postoperative shunt infection. Once the symptoms of unexplained high fever, cervical tonicity, patient’s consciousness disorder, abdominal distension, or even the reappearance of preoperative hydrocephalus appear after surgery, it should be highly noticed, and brain crest fluid should be retained for culture, routine, biochemical and other examinations according to the situation. At the same time, use broad-spectrum antibiotics that can easily cross the blood-brain barrier. Once the brain crest fluid culture reveals pathogenic bacteria, or the patient’s condition is progressively aggravated, the internal shunt should be removed and external ventricular drainage should be performed in a timely manner. Symptoms and signs must be the most critical in clinical practice, and all others are aids to judgment. In most patients, after a period of anti-infection treatment in brain crest fluid specialists, fever and other symptoms disappear, and three consecutive brain crest fluid cultures are free of bacterial growth, and the brain crest fluid routine and biochemistry reach normal, indicating that the intracranial infection is finally cured. For viral encephalitis, tuberculosis meningitis and fungal meningitis, different anti-infective treatment methods for brain crest fluid specialists are adopted according to different pathogenic bacteria, and generally more satisfactory results can be obtained. Of course, if intracranial infection is not detected and treated in time, or if the treatment method is wrong, leading to progressive development of the disease, it will eventually endanger the life because the pathogenic bacteria invade the brain tissue, or even the brain stem. Therefore, intracranial infection is not terrible, what is terrible is the delay of the best time for treatment, if the correct treatment method can be taken in time, most patients can be cured.