The Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Slow Hepatitis B state that the purpose of antiviral therapy for slow hepatitis B is to: maximize long-term inhibition of hepatitis B virus, stop disease progression, stop the development of cirrhosis and liver cancer, improve the quality of survival, and prolong survival. However, clinically, we often encounter patients who do not understand the importance of antiviral therapy. They often focus on abnormal liver function and elevated ALT, and always hope to normalize liver function through short time liver preservation and enzyme reduction. In fact, this is very difficult, even if the ALT returns to normal after treatment for a short period of time, it will not last long and will be recurrent and can lead to further aggravation of the disease. This is because hepatitis attacks and abnormal liver function are mainly related to two factors, namely, virus replication and the body’s immune response. Long-term active viral replication can stimulate the body’s immune response, which can lead to hepatitis attacks. Without viral replication, there is no immune response and there is no hepatitis attack. The long course of antiviral therapy is one of the reasons why patients with slow hepatitis B are reluctant to undergo antiviral therapy, but practice has shown that extending the course of therapy can improve the efficacy of long-term viral suppression, and that antiviral therapy for slow hepatitis B is like “rowing against the current” and requires persistence, otherwise you will fall back if you do not advance. Although it is difficult to cure hepatitis B, long-term adherence to antiviral therapy can effectively stop the progression of the disease. From this perspective, the purpose of antiviral therapy is not so much to cure the disease, but to stop its progression, improve the quality of survival, and prolong the survival period.