Small liver cancer, also known as subclinical liver cancer or early liver cancer, has no obvious clinical signs and symptoms of liver cancer. The criteria for small liver cancer in China are: the maximum diameter of a single cancer nodule should not exceed 3 cm; the number of multiple cancer nodules should not exceed two, and their total maximum diameter should be less than 3 cm. In addition to small size, small hepatocellular carcinoma is also characterized by slower growth, generally lower malignancy, less possibility of metastasis and better prognosis. Common symptoms include abdominal distension, fever, weakness, emaciation, pain in liver area, as well as gastrointestinal symptoms, such as enlarged stomach, liver compression and decreased appetite. There are many treatment methods for small hepatocellular carcinoma, including partial hepatectomy, liver transplantation, interventional embolization, local treatment such as anhydrous alcohol injection and radiofrequency ablation, as well as adjuvant immunotherapy or traditional Chinese medicine. 1.Partial hepatectomy Partial hepatectomy is a surgical method to preserve as much healthy area as possible by removing the diseased part of the liver. To some extent, partial hepatectomy is a more thorough treatment, but it is more traumatic and costly, often influenced by factors such as liver function status, liver cancer site and patient’s economic condition, and is not a more ideal choice for patients with heavy cirrhotic background. 2.Liver transplantation Small hepatocellular carcinoma is indeed one of the indications for liver transplantation, and liver transplantation is an effective treatment for small hepatocellular carcinoma patients with severe cirrhosis that cannot be removed, without large vascular invasion or extrahepatic metastasis. However, the cost of liver transplantation is huge, and there are often some serious complications, and lifelong treatment is required, so at this stage in China, most patients can hardly afford the huge cost of liver transplantation. 3.Interventional embolization Interventional treatment for liver cancer mainly involves inserting a catheter through the blood vessel of patient’s thigh to reach the liver tumor site and then injecting anti-cancer drugs or embolic agents into the hepatic artery to embolize/chemotherapy the tumor. Compared with surgery, the advantages of interventional treatment are less traumatic to the patient, shorter operation time, lower single treatment cost, and the recent treatment effect on liver cancer can be achieved.