Cystic thyroid nodules are considered benign lesions and generally do not need to be treated. The main examination item is thyroid ultrasound. Through ultrasound examination, we can track the changes of cysts, such as changes in size, internal structure, and solid changes, etc. At the same time, we can check thyroid function and observe the secretion level of thyroid hormones. If the cyst increases significantly and compresses the surrounding tissues, resulting in chest tightness and breath-holding, surgical treatment can be considered to remove the local diseased tissues and relieve the local compression. During follow-up, if realistic changes occur, for nodules of unclear nature, puncture may be required to further clarify the diagnosis through pathological examination. Pay attention to the protection of the thyroid gland on a daily basis, try not to rub and squeeze it, eat a lighter diet, pay attention to the control of iodine intake, avoid the stimulation of alcohol and tobacco, and pay attention to the regularity of work and rest, so as to reduce the stimulation of the thyroid gland and avoid the further development of thyroid nodules. In conclusion, cystic thyroid nodules are still benign lesions, so don’t be too stressed, pay attention to review health care, and consider follow-up treatment for nodules that have changed.