The prevalence of hyperuricemia and gout is increasing in China, and it is estimated that there are 1.2 billion and 17 million hyperuricemia and gout, respectively, in the country, but gout diagnosis and treatment are very irregular. 1, The gold standard for gout diagnosis is urate crystals found in joint fluid or deposited nodules, while typical attack characteristics, effective colchicine treatment, hyperuricemia and/or dual-energy CT and ultrasonography help in early diagnosis. 2.Before gout treatment, it is necessary to know whether there are secondary factors and to assess the severity of the disease: (1) blood uric acid, 24-hour uric acid level; (2) arthritic condition: degree of pain, number of joint involvement and whether there are recurrent attacks and joint destruction; (3) presence of visible gout stones; (4) whether there is renal involvement; (5) comorbidities. 3, non-pharmacological treatment is the basis of gout treatment (patient education, exercise, weight reduction, low purine diet, quit smoking and alcohol, drink more water to maintain adequate urine output, etc.). 4.Colchicine or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are preferred for acute attacks of gout, and local glucocorticoids for joints can also be used, and topical analgesic drugs combined with oral analgesic drugs are more effective. The timing of medication is very important, the earlier the use of time the better (within 24h of the attack), the course of treatment 7-10 days. 5.When NSAIDs and colchicine are intolerant or contraindicated, oral, intramuscular, intravenous or joint local application of glucocorticoids can be chosen, but the duration of each use should not exceed 10 days, and long-term use is not recommended. 6.For those with severe pain during seizures, combination drugs (including the combination of colchicine and hormones or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) can be used, and biological agents such as interleukin 1 antagonists can be considered for refractory patients. 7. When colchicine is used in the treatment of acute attacks, low-dose therapy is recommended (1mg at the beginning of the loading dose, 0.5mg after 1h, 0.5mg after 12h, bid/tid). 8.In case of gout attack >1 or with renal decompensation or existing gout stone formation, continuous uric acid-lowering drug therapy should be started, and the dose should be adjusted according to the blood uric acid value. 9, the first time to add uric acid-lowering drugs is appropriate after the acute attack of gout remission or after the acute attack period to give a sufficient amount of anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs, once added, gout attack again, no longer stop using. 10.Allopurinol, febuxostat and benzbromarone are all commonly used uric acid-lowering drugs, and the dose should be increased gradually from small doses according to the patient’s renal function, the presence of gout stones and uric acid excretion. 11. To prevent the occurrence of severe hypersensitivity syndrome, it is advisable to test the HLA-B*5801 gene before using allopurinol. 12.If a single uric acid-lowering drug is not effective, other uric acid-lowering drugs can be used instead or in combination with other uric acid-lowering drugs. 13.Uric acid-lowering treatment should be used to prevent gout attacks, starting from uric acid-lowering, combined with low-dose colchicine (0.5mg, 1~2 times/d) or low-dose NSAIDs or low-dose glucocorticoids, with colchicine being the preferred choice for 6 months. 14. Sustained achievement of uric acid reduction (<360umol/L for those without gout stones; <300umol/L for those with gout stones) is the key to gout treatment. 15.Whether asymptomatic hyperuricemia is treated with uric acid reduction depends on blood uric acid level and whether it is combined with cardiovascular disease or cardiovascular risk factors. The following three conditions are the starting point of uric acid lowering treatment: (1) blood uric acid has exceeded 9mg/dl (2) blood uric acid 7-9mg/dl, no cardiovascular disease or cardiovascular risk factors, diet control for 6 months is ineffective (3) blood uric acid 7mg/dl or more, with cardiovascular disease or cardiovascular risk factors.