In the early 1980s, the prevalence of hyperuricemia in China was 1.4% in men and 1.3% in women. In recent years, the prevalence of hyperuricemia in China ranges from 8.2% to 19.8% in men and 5.1% to 7.6% in women. It is estimated that there are about 120 million patients with hyperuricemia in China, accounting for about 10% of the total population. This may be closely related to the unreasonable structure of diet. Hyperuricemia refers to high blood uric acid. Hyperuricemia is not the same as gout, which occurs in about 10% of people with high blood uric acid. Gout is a pathological condition in which uric acid crystals are deposited in body organs and can manifest as recurrent arthritis, kidney stones and chronic kidney disease. Uric acid is a product of purine metabolism in the body. There are two sources of purines in the body, the purines synthesized by the body and the purine diet, the latter accounting for about 20% of the total uric acid in the body. Under normal conditions, 30% of uric acid in the body is excreted from the intestinal tract and biliary tract, and 70% is excreted by the kidneys. The kidney is an important organ for uric acid excretion. The body maintains a balance between the production and excretion of uric acid every day to keep the blood uric acid at a normal level. When uric acid production is excessive or excretion is reduced, hyperuricemia can occur. So, what factors are likely to induce hyperuricemia? 1, eating meat, seafood, animal offal, thick meat soup and nut food, drinking beer and liquor, or doing strenuous physical exercise, can cause hyperuricemia. 2, prolonged use of diuretics, small doses of aspirin, compound antihypertensive tablets and other drugs can cause a decrease in uric acid excretion by the kidneys, leading to hyperuricemia. 3.Patients with hypertension, diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia and chronic kidney disease are also prone to hyperuricemia. Hyperuricemia and kidney disease are mutually causal. On the one hand, decreased uric acid excretion by the kidneys can lead to hyperuricemia, which is the most common cause of hyperuricemia, accounting for about 90% of cases. On the other hand, the deposition of uric acid crystals in the kidney can lead to the formation of kidney stones and chronic kidney disease, resulting in back pain, hematuria, proteinuria, hypertension and abnormal kidney function. Patients with chronic kidney disease who have hyperuricemia have a faster deterioration of kidney function. Studies have shown that for every 1 mg/dL increase in blood uric acid, the risk of kidney disease increases by 71% and the risk of deteriorating kidney function increases by 14%. Therefore, reasonable treatment of hyperuricemia is beneficial to protect the kidneys. Patients with hyperuricemia should adopt the following treatment modalities: 1. Low purine diet. Strictly control the intake of meat, seafood and animal offal, and reduce the intake of cauliflower, spinach, mushrooms, string beans, peas and soybeans. 2. Drink more water and less alcohol. Daily water consumption to ensure that more than 1500 ml, forbidden beer and liquor, can drink red wine in moderation. 3, adhere to the exercise, weight control. Daily moderate intensity exercise for more than 30 minutes, obese people should lose weight. 4.Alkalinize urine. For people with gout, combined cardiovascular disease or cardiovascular disease risk factors with hyperuricemia, they need to take allopurinol, benzbromarone and other uric acid-lowering drugs under the guidance of doctors. Common misconceptions about gout treatment include: 1. It is sufficient to reduce blood uric acid to normal level (below 420 micromol/liter). In fact, this does not meet the requirements of treatment and is not good enough to prevent gout attacks. 2. The role of low purine diet is overemphasized, and it is believed that the therapeutic effect can be achieved with strict control of diet. In fact, since exogenous purines account for only 20% of the total purines in the body, the efficacy of a low purine diet is limited, and relying solely on dietary control cannot have a good effect. 3. Only short-term treatment is carried out and then stopped. In fact, gout is a chronic disease that requires long-term treatment.