The mechanism of male infertility caused by varicose spermatozoa contains the following aspects: 1. Elevated testicular temperature: In varicose spermatozoa, because of the poor reflux of the testicles. This causes the temperature of the testicular tissue to rise, so that the occurrence and maturation of sperm is affected, because, sperm need a certain temperature environment to occur, too high a temperature is not suitable for sperm development. It is generally believed that in patients with varicocele, the testicular temperature is on average 0.6-0.8°C higher than normal. The increase in temperature is obvious, the number of sperm decreases, and the vitality decreases more obviously. 2.Increased pressure in the spermatic vein: When varicocele is present, the blood in the venous plexus around the testis is stagnant and the pressure in the vein is elevated, which affects the metabolism of the testis. Under the influence of venous hypertension, the metabolic waste of testicular tissue is not easily discharged and hinders the generation of sperm. 3, testicular tissue carbon dioxide accumulation: varicocele testicular vein blood reflux obstruction, stagnation, so that the testicular blood circulation received impact, so that the blood carbon dioxide accumulation, resulting in low oxygen and carbonic acid in the blood, and finally lactic acid accumulation, affecting the normal metabolism of the testis, resulting in the occurrence of sperm disorders. 4, toxic substances damage: the left renal vein contains cortisol, catecholamines and 5-hydroxytryptamine and other substances that have an effect on the spermatogenesis of the testes. 5, inhibits the endocrine function of the testes: varicocele can damage the testes’ interstitial cells and affect the secretion of testosterone. Immune factors: Immune response is the body’s special response to antigenic substances entering the body. Lymphocytes activated by atopic antigens produce two different immune responses, namely the cellular and humoral responses. In patients with varicocele infertility, there are immune complexes deposited in the membranes of the testicular spermatogenic tubules and in the small vessels of the interstitium. The presence of anti-sperm antibodies in peripheral blood and semen can interfere with spermatogenesis and sperm maturation, reduce sperm count, or cause morphological and functional abnormalities in sperm.