Chronic osteomyelitis is a common orthopedic disease, and its onset is mainly due to improper treatment of acute osteomyelitis, open fracture or post-operative fracture infection. The lesions can affect the bone marrow, bone, periosteum and surrounding soft tissues, and are often recurrent and persistent, seriously affecting the patient’s health and ability to work, which is a difficult problem in orthopedic clinical treatment. Removal of dead bone and elimination of dead cavity is the basis for successful treatment of chronic osteomyelitis. Due to the special bone structure, it is difficult to remove the dead bone surgically, and the surgical cure rate is low. The most common causative organism of osteomyelitis is Staphylococcus aureus, followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis, oxygenophilic gram-negative bacilli and anaerobic bacteria. Due to the local blood circulation obstacle of osteomyelitis, systemic application of antibiotics can rarely penetrate into the lesion, and it is difficult to achieve an effective bactericidal concentration locally, which is easy to produce drug resistance and poor results. Chronic osteomyelitis with serious bone destruction can be complicated by pathological fracture, limb deformity and joint dysfunction. With the application of interventional technology, the use of intravascular administration of antibiotics in the focal area using microinjection pumps has brought satisfactory results in the treatment of such bone infections. Transarterial infusion of antibiotics for chronic osteomyelitis is a new treatment method. However, because chronic osteomyelitis is a long-term chronic inflammation with poor local conditions and occlusion of small blood vessels due to inflammatory reaction, in order to maintain effective drug concentration in vivo, vasodilators and microvascular-sparing drugs are applied before instillation of antibiotics to unblock blood vessels, increase effective drug concentration and control infection. The advantages of transarterial infusion of antibiotics are: 1. It can rapidly increase the drug concentration in the tissue of the foci of infection to inhibit bacterial growth and control inflammation. 2, so that the higher concentration of drugs in the tissue of the infected foci can prevent re-infection or the spread of infection due to surgical operations. 3, catheter imaging during antibiotic intervention, can understand the situation of the blood vessels around the lesion, and has a guiding meaning for the selection of anastomotic vessels. 4.Simple operation, strong applicability, easy to master, few complications and can increase the efficacy of treatment. 5.Shorten the preparation time for surgery and reduce the hospitalization time. 6.Change the natural pathological course of chronic osteomyelitis and reduce the number of operations. In conclusion, the interventional treatment of chronic osteomyelitis is simple, practical, reliable, shortens the treatment time and reduces the pain of patients. The angiography is used to understand the vascular situation around the lesion. It has guiding significance for the selection of clinical anastomotic vessels.