What is the difference between nucleic acid and antigen testing

The difference between nucleic acid and antigen detection mainly includes detection principle and accuracy. 1. Detection principle: Nucleic acid test is a method of amplifying the unique sequence RNA of the new coronavirus by fluorescence quantitative PCR on the throat swab sample of the tested person; Antigen detection is mainly due to the fact that the structural protein of the new coronavirus can be used as an immunogen to stimulate the body to produce specific antibodies, so that the presence of the new coronavirus can be detected through the specific immune response of antigen and antibody. 2. Accuracy: Nucleic acid test is to detect the RNA of the new coronavirus, so as long as the pathogen exists can detect the existence of the new coronavirus, its accuracy is high; while the antigen test, in the early stage of infection may be due to the small viral load, there may be false-negative results, so its accuracy is low compared to the nucleic acid test. Nucleic acid detection and antigen detection are both commonly used detection methods in epidemics nowadays, and they have their own advantages and disadvantages, which should be chosen according to the actual situation of the epidemic.

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