HPV virology is the main component of cervical cancer screening. The full name of HPV virus is human papillomavirus, and this virus is the main way and the main cause of cervical squamous carcinoma. 99.9% of cervical squamous carcinoma is related to positive HPV virus infection. HPV virological tests are now more commonly used in cervical cancer screening. It is recommended that women with reproductive requirements should be checked for HPV once a year after having sex, and if HPV virological tests are consistently positive for high-risk types, they need to be alert to cervical lesions or even cervical cancer.