TIPS is a portmanteau of Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS), which emphasizes the fact that all interventions are performed intrahepatically, and that by establishing a partial intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, the portal pressure is lowered, thus achieving the goal of treating portal hypertension and its associated complications. Complications of portal hypertension. Portal hypertension is caused by various kinds of liver cirrhosis, the vast majority of which are caused by post hepatitis cirrhosis in China, followed by alcoholic cirrhosis; it can also be caused by diseases such as hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS). Portal hypertension can lead to complications such as recurrent esophagogastric variceal rupture and bleeding, intractable abdominal effusion, intractable hepatic pleural effusion, etc., which can be life-threatening in severe cases. TIPS is a non-surgical method of treating portal hypertension developed under the guidance of the concept of “minimally invasive”, and it is a kind of interventional radiology technique with wide indications to solve the thorny problem of complications related to portal hypertension. The clinical use of TIPS has avoided dangerous and complex open surgical procedures and the associated risks of trauma and general anesthesia. The broader indications for treatment (e.g., Child C, large amount of ascites, and emergency variceal bleeding, etc.) allow most patients to be treated in a timely manner, controlling the progression of the disease and saving the patient’s life. Compared with surgical treatment of portal hypertension bypass or dissection, TIPS is characterized by relatively simple operation, less trauma, faster recovery, fewer complications, lower mortality rate, clear efficacy, repeatability, and wider range of indications. Currently, with the application of overlay stents and changes in surgical methods, the complication rates of previous bypass tract restenosis and hepatic encephalopathy have been significantly reduced. In accordance with the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases guidelines for the treatment of portal hypertension, the TIPS technique is currently the treatment of choice for the treatment of portal hypertension.