Childhood poisoning is one of the common types of pediatric emergencies. The results of child accidental death detection show that children aged 1-4 years old are in the third place of accidental deaths due to poisoning, and the incidence is increasing year by year, which brings a great blow to the families of affected children. Child poisoning is closely related to the surrounding environment, poor parental care of children, and improper placement of drugs or poisons. The main reason for children’s poisoning is that children are curious, young and ignorant, and cannot identify toxic or non-toxic substances. Infants tend to put things in their mouths when they get them; young children often swallow pills as sugar pills; preschoolers, with a wider range of activities, have more opportunities to come into contact with poisons. Poisoning by others and self-administration of drugs due to school tension and parental scolding also occur. Children’s bodies are not yet mature and are more vulnerable to damage. Common acute poisonings include poisoning from food, poisonous plants, drugs, and chemicals. When children are found to have abnormal behavior, crying for no reason, drowsiness, or coma, they should consider whether they have been poisoned, especially when drugs or toxic substances are found to be missing or missing.