Cecum amebic granuloma is a complication of chronic colitis caused by Amoeba histolytica. Cecum amoebic granuloma is a complication of chronic colitis caused by Amoeba protozoa. Due to the long-standing lesions, a large amount of fibrous tissue is produced, and inflammatory infiltration and edema of the mesentery and intestinal wall form granuloma-like masses and cause intestinal obstruction due to narrowing of the intestinal lumen or impaired movement of the intestinal wall. What are the main causes of amebic granuloma of the cecum? In the acute phase of the lesion, most of the elevated grayish-yellow caps of pinhead-sized necrosis or shallow ulcers are visible on the surface of the intestinal mucosa in the early stage. When the lesion progresses, the necrotic foci increase in size and are round and button-shaped, surrounded by a hemorrhagic band. At this time, trophozoites multiply in the intestinal mucosa layer, destroy the tissue, and cross the mucosal muscle layer to reach the submucosa. As the submucosal layer is lax, the amoeba spreads easily to the surrounding area, and the necrotic tissue liquefies and falls off, forming a flask-shaped ulcer with a small mouth and a large bottom, with subterranean edges, which has diagnostic significance for cecum granuloma. The inter-ulcer mucosa is normal or shows only mild cicatricial inflammation. In severe cases, neighboring ulcers may form a channel-like communication with each other in the submucosa, and the surface mucosa may be necrotic and detached in large pieces, forming a huge ulcer with subterranean margins, which can reach 8-12 cm in diameter. Laboratory tests must be summarized and analyzed on the basis of the objective material learned from the history and physical examination, from which several diagnostic possibilities are suggested, and then further consideration is given to those laboratory tests to confirm the diagnosis. For example, the diagnosis of amebic granuloma of the cecum is often confirmed by the presence of a majority of trophozoites and encapsulation in the lesion tissue during pathological examination after resection.