Menopause, also known as perimenopause, refers to the period before and after menopause, when women experience a series of physical and psychological symptoms caused by fluctuations in sex hormones. Patients may experience personality changes, become irritable, prone to excessive thinking, fear of heat, and easy sweating. 1. Symptoms 1. Estrogen deficiency causes degeneration of secondary sex characteristics and atrophy of sex organs, and the first to appear are menstrual changes, the menstrual cycle becomes irregular, there may be an increase or decrease in menstrual volume, the duration of menstruation is prolonged or shortened, and some patients may experience menopause; 2. Sex hormone changes can lead to changes in breast, skin and hair, mainly including breast atrophy and sagging, skin lack of elasticity and luster, and hair gradually dries up and thins. Hair also gradually dries up, thins and turns white; 3. Vasodilation disorders and episodic hot flashes are typical symptoms of female menopausal syndrome, and patients are afraid of heat and sweating; 4. Psycho-psychological manifestations are characterized by diversity and variability, and patients are prone to anxiety, unstable emotional state, easily lose their temper over trivial matters, are psychologically sensitive and have many thoughts, and some patients may have depressive tendencies; 5. The risk of cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis, and fractures can occur in serious cases. 1. Drug management: Apply estrogen preparations, selective estrogen receptor modulators, and osteoporosis prevention drugs according to guidelines and individualized principles. Avoid being alone for a long time so as not to think too much and worry too much.