Bone and soft tissue malignant tumors are diseases that seriously endanger human health and life. Li Haomiao, Director of Bone Oncology Department of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, a volunteer physician of Guangdong Medical Peptide, explains the comprehensive treatment strategy of bone and soft tissue malignant tumors. I. What are bone and soft tissue tumors? Bone and soft tissue tumors are tumors that occur in or originate from various tissue components of bone, as well as other structures of the locomotor system, such as muscles, connective tissues, tendons, ligaments and other tissues, including primary, secondary or metastatic tumors. Primary bone tumors generally have a lower age of onset, occurring more often in adolescents with vigorous bone growth and are more common in males than in females. Secondary bone tumors occur more often in the elderly. What are the common malignant tumors of bone and soft tissue? Bone and soft tissue tumors are diseases that seriously endanger human health and life. There are many types of bone tumors, common bone and soft tissue tumors are osteosarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, chordoma, etc. Common soft tissue malignant tumors are synovial sarcoma, fibrosarcoma, liposarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, etc. Bone metastatic cancers are mostly seen in middle-aged and old aged people, and the common primary tumors are lung cancer, breast cancer, renal cancer, prostate cancer and thyroid cancer. The overall prognosis of bone malignant tumors is poor, and the natural survival period without treatment after diagnosis is several months to one year. Therefore, we should be alert to the occurrence of malignant bone tumors in bone tumors. How to treat bone and soft tissue tumor? Because the source of bone and soft tissue malignant tumors is complex, there are many classifications, and the treatment methods and the effect of treatment are also very different. Bone and soft tissue malignant tumor is a systemic disease, local control and systemic control are very important, therefore, bone and soft tissue malignant tumor should adopt comprehensive treatment strategy. The advantages of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy can be superimposed to a certain extent, and the disadvantages can be compensated each other to a certain extent. IV. Treatment of malignant tumors of bone and soft tissue. (I) Advantages and disadvantages of surgery: 1. Advantages: (1) Able to completely resect the primary foci (even the metastatic foci) (R0 resection) to achieve the purpose of eradicating the disease. (2) It can save nerve and limb function through decompression and reconstruction. Disadvantages: (1) Mainly used for local control, can not achieve systemic control. (2) It is difficult to ensure that the scope of resection (or surgical boundary) is adequate. (3) Higher risk when dealing with nerves and blood vessels. （Advantages and disadvantages of chemotherapy: 1. Advantages: (1) It is the only method that can kill the primary and metastatic foci extensively, and can realize systemic control. (2) It can reduce the scope of the lesion and make the boundary clearer, creating conditions for ideal surgical resection. Disadvantages: (1) It has different degrees of toxic side effects on normal organs (such as bone marrow suppression, liver and kidney damage). (2) Some tumors have poor response to chemotherapy (e.g. chondrosarcoma). （Advantages and disadvantages of radiotherapy: 1. Advantages: (1) It avoids the trauma of surgery and toxic side effects of chemotherapy. 2. (2) It can precisely kill the target lesions. Disadvantages: (1) It can not kill the tumor in a wide range or achieve systemic control. (2) Some tumors are not sensitive to radiotherapy. (3) It can also cause damage to normal organs (e.g. skin necrosis, bone necrosis).