Bone and soft tissue tumors, as the name implies, are tumors that occur in the skeletal system, and there are two types: primary and secondary. Bone and soft tissue tumors are diseases that seriously endanger human health and life, and their incidence has been gradually increasing in recent years. Primary malignant bone tumors are mostly seen in adolescents and middle-aged people, and the common ones are osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, chordoma, etc. The common soft tissue malignant tumors are synovial sarcoma, fibrosarcoma, liposarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, etc. Bone metastatic cancer is mostly seen in middle-aged and elderly people. Common primary tumors are lung cancer, breast cancer, kidney cancer, prostate cancer and thyroid cancer, etc. Early detection, correct diagnosis and timely treatment have an important impact on the prognosis. The correct diagnosis of bone and soft tissue tumors requires a combination of clinical manifestations, imaging manifestations and pathology. Treatment includes a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and biological therapy. Benign bone tumor grows slowly and the mass grows slowly due to the slow growth of the tumor. Malignant bone tumor grows rapidly and the tumor can increase in size very quickly, and it can lead to increased skin temperature and surface precision varus. Ewing’s sarcoma located in flat bone can have manifestations such as redness, swelling, heat and pain with increased blood count. Pain is an important symptom of malignant bone tumor. The pain is intermittent at the beginning and persistent when it is advanced, which is obvious at night and affects work and sleep. Malignant bone tumors can cause fracture due to minor trauma, swelling, pain and abnormal movement. Advanced malignant bone tumors may have cachexia, wasting, loss of appetite and elevated body temperature. Gradually growing masses are the basis for the diagnosis of bone tumors. Benign masses grow slowly, while malignant bone tumors grow rapidly, with varicose skin veins on the tumor surface, increased skin temperature, and may have joint swelling and movement disorders. Tumors in pelvis or sacrum are not easily detected in early stage, but there are pain and numbness in perineum, constipation and urinary disorder. X-ray, CT, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and whole body bone scan (ECT) can clarify the location, scope and relationship between tumor and surrounding normal tissues of bone tumor, which is helpful to judge the benignity and malignancy of bone tumor before operation and the possibility of complete removal by surgery. Treatment of bone and soft tissue tumors: With the rapid development of modern medicine and medical technology, bone and soft tissue tumors originally thought to be untreatable can be completely removed, so that patients can retain their limbs and avoid amputation. Therefore, the treatment of bone and soft tissue tumors emphasizes early detection and early surgical treatment.