Acne, also known as acne, pimples, and pimples, is a chronic inflammatory skin disease of the sebaceous gland units of the hair follicles, mainly in adolescents, and has a great psychological and social impact on adolescents, but it can often be naturally reduced or cured after puberty. Clinical manifestations are characterized by polymorphic lesions such as pimples, papules, pustules, and nodules, which are often found on the face. Etiology The occurrence of acne is closely related to excessive sebum secretion, blockage of sebaceous ducts, bacterial infection, and inflammatory reactions. After puberty, the level of androgens in the body, especially testosterone, rises rapidly, promoting the development of sebaceous glands and the production of large amounts of sebum. At the same time, abnormal keratinization of the hair follicle sebaceous gland ducts causes duct blockage, resulting in obstruction of sebum drainage and formation of keratin plugs or microcomedones. A variety of microorganisms, especially Propionibacterium acnes, proliferate in the hair follicles. The lipase produced by Propionibacterium acnes breaks down sebum to produce free fatty acids, which also chemotactic inflammatory cells and mediators, eventually inducing and aggravating inflammatory reactions. Clinical manifestations The lesions are usually found on the face and upper chest and back. The non-inflammatory lesions of acne manifest as open and closed pimples. The typical lesion of closed acne (also known as whiteheads) is a skin-colored papule about 1 mm in size with no visible follicular opening. Open pimples (also known as blackheads) appear as dome-shaped papules with significantly dilated follicular openings. Further development of acne can lead to a variety of inflammatory lesions that manifest as inflammatory papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts. Inflammatory papules are red in color and range from 1 to 5 mm in diameter; pustules are uniform in size and filled with white pus; nodules are larger than 5 mm in diameter and are hard and painful to touch; and cysts are deeper and filled with a mixture of pus and blood. These lesions may also fuse to form large inflammatory plaques and sinus tracts, etc. Inflammatory lesions often leave behind hyperpigmentation, persistent erythema, and depressed or hypertrophic scarring after they have resolved. Clinically, acne is classified into 3 or 4 grades according to the nature and severity of acne lesions: Grade 1 (mild): acne only; Grade 2 (moderate): in addition to acne, there are some inflammatory papules; Grade 3 (moderate): in addition to acne, there are more inflammatory papules or pustules; Grade 4 (severe): in addition to acne, inflammatory papules and pustules, there are also nodules, cysts or keloids. Treatment 1. Daily care. Wash your face with warm water once or twice a day to clean the skin. Avoid squeezing or scratching the lesions with your hands. Avoid using oily cosmetics, powder cosmetics and ointments and creams containing glucocorticoids. 2.Chinese medicine treatment. It is the most effective treatment method with few side effects. Patients should not buy their own medicine for treatment, or go to private clinics to believe in contracted treatment.