Early stage liver cancer simply means that there is only one liver cancer lesion which is confined to the liver, without invasion of blood vessels and without any form of extra-hepatic metastasis. This kind of early stage liver cancer has relatively good treatment effect and high 5-year survival rate. However, it still cannot achieve the goal of never recurring or new recurrence after treatment, which is determined by the characteristics of cancer and the underlying disease of liver cancer – cirrhosis. The early treatment of liver cancer is mainly through surgery. Since there is only one lesion and it is small in size with no metastasis, the complete lesion can be removed through surgery, which greatly reduces the tumor load of the body and the surgery is relatively easy to complete. It has treatment effects that cannot be compared with other stages of liver cancer. The general 5-year survival rate will be much higher. For hepatocellular carcinoma less than 3cm, some patients can also adopt ablation to destroy the cancerous tissue, and the efficacy is close to that of liver resection. If the liver cirrhosis is severe, liver transplantation can also be considered, which can eradicate the basis of liver disease for the occurrence of liver cancer and has a definite efficacy. Cancer has its own characteristics of growth and spread. Liver cancer is a human organ with abundant blood vessels. Therefore, although the early lesions are removed, some liver cancer cells that are not visible to the naked eye may have metastasized to other organs or other parts of the liver through blood vessels or lymphatic vessels. After the surgery, these tumor cells may grow again and form new tumor lesions, which is the recurrence of liver cancer. In addition, liver cancer mostly occurs on the basis of cirrhosis, and the remaining cirrhotic nodules may turn into cancer again, such as seeds in the soil, those that have sprouted and grown out of the ground can be pulled out, but the remaining ones in the soil cannot be seen and will grow again if not killed. This is called the new development of liver cancer. It also shows the importance of treating the underlying liver disease. Recurrence is a threshold that no cancer can bypass and makes cancer treatment very difficult. If liver cancer can be detected early, diagnosed early and treated early, it can effectively improve the survival rate. And the quality of life of patients can be well ensured. Therefore, patients with high risk factors of liver cancer must have regular checkups to strive for early detection of liver cancer and must be treated as soon as possible in the early stage of liver cancer.