Cerebral atrophy is a relatively common disease in both neurosurgery and neurology. Early symptoms of cerebral atrophy may be insidious, but with the aggravation of cerebral atrophy, patients may show signs of senile dementia, which may be Alzheimer’s disease in some patients and recurrent lacunar cerebral infarction in others, resulting in vascular dementia. If brain atrophy occurs while affecting the lower segment of the brainstem, symptoms of medullary palsy may occur. If the condition is severe, patients with medullary palsy may have difficulty swallowing, choking on water, or even die from vomiting and aspiration.