In the past 10 years, there are two important advances in the clinical treatment of liver cancer in China, one is liver transplantation which is characterized by “destroying an old world, building long-term efficacy equal to or even higher than hepatectomy or liver transplantation, moderate price and other advantages, and increasingly becoming a new world in the treatment of liver cancer”, and the other one is local treatment characterized by The other one is the local treatment characterized by “silent” and represented by radiofrequency ablation. Since the majority of liver cancer patients in China have a background of cirrhosis and the economic situation is difficult to bear the huge cost of liver transplantation, liver transplantation seems to benefit only a few patients. In contrast, radiofrequency ablation has become the preferred modality for small hepatocellular carcinoma because of its definite efficacy and one of the means. With the widespread development of radiofrequency ablation for liver cancer treatment, coupled with interest-driven and manufacturer-driven factors, the phenomenon of misunderstanding, misuse or abuse of radiofrequency ablation treatment has emerged one after another in clinical practice, mainly manifesting as “blowing” radiofrequency ablation into a god, “which seriously affects the healthy development of this technology. It also has a negative impact on the scientific treatment of liver cancer patients. The authors believe that the main reason for these phenomena is the lack of scientific understanding of radiofrequency ablation for liver cancer treatment and the lack of comprehensive understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of radiofrequency ablation for liver cancer treatment. Advantages The advantages of radiofrequency treatment for liver cancer are that the treatment effect is really effective, and the 5-year survival rate reaches 92% in some case groups with better mastery of indications. It can avoid surgery, is less traumatic, causes less damage to the liver, can be applied repeatedly, has a shorter hospital stay, and can even be performed on an outpatient basis, and is inexpensive. It is especially suitable for small hepatocellular carcinoma, poor liver function, risky or inoperable surgery, recurrence or reoccurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after resection, and liver metastatic carcinoma. Disadvantages Firstly, for tumors larger than 8 centimeters in diameter, it is difficult to achieve complete ablation in one treatment, and multiple ablations will multiply the pain and cost of patients. Finally, for liver cancer with rich arterial blood supply, RF needle puncture may easily cause bleeding and cancer cell implantation, and the efficacy of RF is also affected to some extent. In conclusion, the biggest disadvantages of RF treatment are: in terms of thoroughness of local treatment, it does not have advantages compared with hepatic resection or liver transplantation; in terms of organ damage, bleeding and tumor implantation, it does not have advantages compared with interventional embolization. Positioning The clinical application value of radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma is mainly twofold: for small hepatocellular carcinoma, it can be the first choice of treatment, and for many patients, it can be the only treatment. For larger hepatocellular carcinoma, the technology is one of the important members of the comprehensive treatment means for hepatocellular carcinoma, and if there is a better indication, it can significantly improve the treatment effect when combined with other treatment means. At present, there are two different views DD “left-leaning” and “right-leaning” regarding the acceptance of radiofrequency treatment for liver cancer, on the one hand, people overly trust or even superstitiously believe in this technology and use it on patients who should not use it, or On the other hand, they are still half-trusting, suspicious and reluctant to accept this technology, so that patients who can be treated minimally invasively cannot be treated minimally invasively, and those who can benefit from this technology cannot benefit from it. Both of these views are wrong and harmful. Outlook Radiofrequency treatment of liver cancer is a perfect combination of modern technology and medical clinic, an advancement in the technology of local treatment of liver cancer, and an interpretation of the modern concept of minimally invasive treatment of liver cancer, and its application further enhances the effect and status of local treatment of liver cancer. The advantages of radiofrequency treatment for liver cancer will undoubtedly make the application of this technology more and more extensive, the technology more and more skillful, the experience more and more abundant, the theory more and more perfect, and the curative effect more and more satisfactory, which, in turn, will drive the optimization of related instruments and equipment. In conclusion, we have reasons to believe that with the deepening of people’s understanding of the concepts of early diagnosis and minimally invasive treatment of liver cancer, the status of RF ablation technology in the clinical treatment of liver cancer will increase day by day.