China is one of the countries with a high prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection, and the HBsAg positivity rate of our population is 9.09%, of which more than 80% are hepatitis B virus carriers. However, including the carriers themselves and society on the state of hepatitis B carriers are many misconceptions, the author in the process of medical often accept the consultation in this regard, now the common problems and misconceptions to do a summary. I. What is a hepatitis B virus carrier? What is the relationship with “big three yang, small three yang”? Therefore, regardless of whether it is a “major triple-positive” or “minor triple-positive”, as long as the liver function continues to be normal and there are no abnormal findings in ultrasound, they are all carriers. How is hepatitis B carrier formed? The reason for the formation of HBsAg carriers is mainly related to the body’s low immune function against the hepatitis B virus, the hepatitis B virus itself does not cause liver damage, its role in causing liver damage is mainly caused by the body in the process of removing the hepatitis B virus, causing immune damage to liver cells. Most of the hepatitis B virus carriers, the body’s immune system and the virus is in a state of “peaceful coexistence”, and the immune system can not identify and remove the virus, the virus caused by liver damage is also very limited. For example, in the case of mother-to-child transmission, the infant is infected with a large number of invasive hepatitis B virus (HBV), while the immune system is not yet fully developed and lacks the ability to clear the virus, i.e., there is a state of “immune tolerance”, thus manifesting as long-term HBsAg carriage. Adolescents or adults with incomplete or low immune function can also become HBsAg carriers after being infected with HBV. Third, will all hepatitis B carriers develop liver cancer and cirrhosis? Many patients hear doctors say that chronic hepatitis B can easily develop into liver cancer and cirrhosis if not treated in time. However, hepatitis B virus carriers and chronic hepatitis B are two different concepts. About 20% of hepatitis B virus carriers will develop chronic hepatitis, while the majority of others can maintain a long-term quiescent state of the disease, and those who are in a long-term quiescent state of the disease will only have a 0.01% chance of developing cirrhosis each year. However, it is not possible to predict precisely which hepatitis B virus carriers will develop liver tissue inflammatory activity and thus develop chronic hepatitis; therefore, it is crucial to have regular medical checkups and to detect liver function abnormalities for timely treatment. Fourth, do hepatitis B virus carriers need treatment? Can the surface antigen be turned negative by treatment? There is no need to treat with medication, instead, too much and too many drugs, causing liver damage and leading to drug-related liver injury. There are also no drugs or therapies that are surface antigen transitions. For details, see the articles on my website, “Do Hepatitis B Carriers Need Treatment? and “How to Identify False Advertising for Hepatitis B Treatment? V. Can people with hepatitis B virus work and study normally? Yes, please refer to the article “Can Hepatitis B Carriers Work and Study Normally?” on my website. Can carriers of hepatitis B get married and have children normally? Yes. The spouse can avoid being infected if he or she is properly vaccinated against hepatitis B. Even if he or she is accidentally infected, he or she will not be infected. Even if you are accidentally infected, 95% of people can completely clear the virus and recover completely because the adult immune system is sound, and only 5% become chronic. Some patients are afraid to have children for fear of spreading the virus to the next generation, but in fact, if a male is infected, the possibility of spreading the virus to the next generation through germ cells is minimal; if a female is infected, the possibility of spreading the virus to the next generation is less than 10% as long as regular mother-to-child blocking is performed. 7.What are the issues to be noted in the life of hepatitis B carriers? The carriers of HBsAg should also pay attention to the protection of the liver, forbid the use of alcohol, drugs that damage the liver, and pay attention to the use of other drugs. The use of drugs that damage the liver and the prevention and treatment of other diseases, especially infectious diseases, should be taken into account to avoid further damage to the liver. In terms of medical observation and follow-up, follow-up examinations should be carried out once every six months to a year, and medical treatment should be sought at any time when abnormalities are detected. Follow-up examinations should include physical examination, liver function, serum HBV infection indication and liver B-mode ultrasound examination, and serum fetoprotein should be tested for those over 40 years of age to detect changes in condition and take corresponding treatment measures.