Refractory mental illnesses are characterized by patients’ poor drug efficacy or refusal to take medication; even with medication, there are still abnormal behaviors such as sensitivity and paranoia, hallucinations, delusions, hurting people and destroying things. This is a heavy burden for the whole society! It also makes the patient’s family feel helpless and desperate! Minimally invasive psychosurgery is the “key” to unlocking intractable mental illnesses, and it opens a ray of hope for a cure. Recent imaging, electrophysiological and anatomical studies have found that the abnormal behavior of psychiatric patients has a one-to-one correspondence with specific nuclei in the limbic system of the brain, and stimulating or interfering with these nuclei will effectively control their symptoms. Since these nuclei govern human behavior and control emotions, minimally invasive surgery is about pinpointing these abnormal nuclei and using instruments to neuromodulate them, thus clinically intervening or curing such disorders. People are curious to know how minimally invasive surgery in psychosurgery is performed. This type of surgery truly embodies the modern concept of precise, minimally invasive medicine. Before surgery, psychiatrists need to understand in detail the various abnormal behaviors and clinical symptoms of the patient and summarize them to the surgical team specialists, who need to fuse and locate the CT, MRI, and DTI images of the patient’s head in the surgical planning system software to precisely locate the nuclei that need to be modulated and avoid the dangerous areas of the brain with a computerized positioning error of only 0.01 mm. In general anesthesia surgery, an 8 mm locking hole needs to be drilled in the skull and 2 mm electrodes need to be implanted to complete all surgical operations with minimal damage to the surrounding brain tissue. The efficiency of this surgery cannot be achieved without the close collaboration of multidisciplinary medical teams, such as functional neurology, psychiatry, imaging, anesthesiology, ICU and other specialists; the patient’s recovery also requires long-term follow-up and health education by psychiatrists. Therefore, minimally invasive psychosurgery is the perfect presentation of multidisciplinary technical collaboration. We are also concerned about which patients with mental illnesses are suitable for psychosurgery. International experts have formed a consensus that patients need to be at least 18 years old; have a disease duration of more than 3 years; and have refractory psychiatric patients with poor results from multiple medications and recurrent episodes. Such disorders include: schizophrenia, depression, bipolar disorder, mania, epileptic psychosis, drug-dependent psychosis, etc. Doctors remind that the treatment of refractory psychiatric disorders is a very complicated process, and patients’ families should be fully aware of it. Psychiatric patients need to be systematically evaluated by relevant experts in the hospital before determining whether they are suitable for surgical treatment.