Precocious puberty is divided into physiological precociousness and psychological precociousness. In general, people tend to ignore psychological precocious puberty and mention, instead, only physiological precocious puberty. Pubertal development is influenced by various factors such as genetics, race, light, nutrition, geography and living conditions. If you live in the tropics, puberty comes earlier, Indian writer Rabindranath Tagore wrote in the book “Shipwreck”: 10-year-old girls have not yet found a husband’s family, is considered to be a girl who can not marry. People who live in the cold zone have their puberty come later, and Soviet women in Siberia generally do not have their first menstruation until they are about 18 years old. Therefore, the time of puberty development, a little ahead or after the wrong do not worry, is a normal physiological changes. About the age of sexual development and maturity, China’s ancient medical classics “Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine” has long been recorded: “Husband …… two eight kidney energy, …… essence overflow diarrhea, yin and Yang and, therefore, can have children. ” It is also said that “the woman …… two seven and the heavenly sebum to, the Ren vein pass, Taichong vein Sheng, menstruation to time down.” It is clearly pointed out that men begin to discharge sperm at the age of 16, and have the ability to reproduce. Women start menstruating at the age of 14. Due to the improvement of the material and spiritual life of human beings, the sexual maturity of modern people is two years earlier than that of ancient people, that is, the sexual maturity of men is about 14 years old, and the first menstruation of women is at the age of 12. However, premature sexual development before the age is worth noting. For example, girls less than 8 years old, breast development and growth, pubic hair also grows out, and menstruation; boys before the age of 10, testicles grow rapidly, external genitalia such as adults. The medical term for this phenomenon is precocious puberty. Precocious puberty is one of the important symptoms of abnormal sexual development, and it is marked by the abnormal early appearance of secondary sexual characteristics. It is generally divided into two different cases, one is “true precocious puberty”, not only the early appearance of secondary sex characteristics, but also precocious fertility, ovulatory menstrual cycle and fertility, also known as complete precocious puberty; the other is “pseudo precocious puberty”, only some The other category is “pseudo-precocious”, where only some secondary sexual characteristics appear early and do not have fertility, also known as incomplete precocious puberty. In general, among the patients with precocious puberty, there are more girls than boys. The disease is a rare endocrine disorder, such as the autopsy of prematurely mature children, and found that the root cause of some precocious puberty is abnormal function of the pituitary gland, hypothalamus or pineal gland. The pituitary gland, hypothalamus or pineal gland are important institutions in charge of human development, and they direct the growth and development of the body through the hormones they secrete. There are also problems in the gonads (testes, ovaries, etc.) or adrenal cortex, such as tumors in the testes, ovaries or adrenal cortex, resulting in excessive secretion of sex hormones, which can lead to precocious puberty of varying degrees. Regardless of which factor causes precocious puberty, it is necessary to go to the hospital for systematic examination, such as adequate retroperitoneal imaging, to further confirm whether it is “bilateral adrenal hyperplasia”, or one adrenal tumor, or possibly ectopic tumor (such as spermatic cord tumor, but it is relatively rare). For hyperplasia, hydrocortisone treatment can be used to reduce androgen secretion (or estrogen) and also to supplement adrenocorticotropin. For those caused by tumors, tumor removal should be performed as soon as possible, and complete recovery is often possible after tumor removal. The etiology of precocious puberty is complex, and doctors are unable to make particularly specific recommendations during the consultation. To make a clear diagnosis, a series of tests and examinations are necessary to determine the cause. The first step is to exclude all obvious causes of precocious puberty, such as the misuse of endocrine drugs. This requires a detailed and complete history, including the development of sexual characteristics and vaginal bleeding. A careful and thorough physical examination, such as body, weight, finger spacing, skeletal examination, basal body temperature, and vaginal cytology smear, is performed. Measurement of blood hormone levels can help identify true and pseudoprematurity. In true cases, FSH and LH levels are increased and fluctuate periodically, while in pseudoprematurity, these two hormones are mostly not measured. Treatment should be tailored to the specific cause. Surgery is necessary if there is an ovarian or adrenal cortical tumor, while there is no special treatment for those with neurological disorders. In precocious puberty, 80-90 % of the cases are somatic problems, for which no obvious cause can be found, and there is no specific drug treatment. The only options available are long-acting methandrostenolone injections or oral progesterone, which are not self-administered drugs and must be treated scientifically in the endocrinology department of a major hospital. In addition to taking measures for examination and treatment, parents should pay special attention to the psychological changes of their children, tell them some necessary knowledge after clear diagnosis, help her adapt to the new changes in her body, and prevent the bad guys from taking advantage of the child’s young age and ignorance to exploit the loopholes and do bad things. Therefore, it is the parents’ top priority to protect their children. There are reports of girls with precocious pregnancy and even childbirth at home and abroad. At the same time, we must also be prepared, because some precocious puberty is the lack of effective treatment, then we must rely on the careful care of parents. Some children’s nutritional supplements on the market contain hormonal ingredients, which can lead to precocious puberty if eaten in excess, and should be brought to the attention of parents. The diagnosis and treatment of precocious puberty is called precocious puberty when sexual development starts before the age of 9 for boys and 8 for girls. It is characterized by the development of secondary sexual characteristics, with breast development in girls and increased testicular development in boys as the earliest characteristics. Early signs of girls’ development: ① Accelerated growth in height and pelvic development. ②Hard nodes under the breast, swelling and pain. ③ areola and breast enlargement, bulging and coloring. ④Large labia.