How to determine the timing of liver transplantation is very important, that is, at what stage of chronic disease progression will liver transplantation give the best outcome and prognosis for the patient. Ruptured esophagogastric varices cause 30-50% of deaths per occurrence and rebleeding occurs in 70% of patients within 2 years; intractable ascites has a 6-month survival rate of only 60%; 10-15% of patients with end-stage liver disease develop spontaneous peritonitis, which is prone to recurrence and causes 50% of deaths per occurrence; hepatic encephalopathy has a 1-year survival rate of Therefore, liver transplantation should be considered in patients with chronic liver disease when one of the following conditions occurs: 1. One or more complications related to portal hypertension or liver failure. Such as recurrent ruptured esophagogastric fundic variceal bleeding, difficult to control ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, coagulation dysfunction, recurrent spontaneous peritonitis and hepatorenal syndrome; 2. Severe drowsiness, difficult to control pruritus, severe metabolic bone disease, recurrent septic cholangitis leading to decreased quality of life; 3. Laboratory tests: plasma protein below 30 g/L, prothrombin time ( PT) exceeds the normal control value by more than 5 seconds; total blood bilirubin is greater than 50-100 mg/L. When patients with chronic liver disease have the above conditions, it often means a shorter survival time, generally no more than 6-12 months, once the patient is in the end stage of severe liver disease, patients often need intensive care and assisted breathing to maintain respiratory and circulatory functions, it is often difficult to survive without implementing liver transplantation for 1-3 months, the risk of liver transplantation is high, the length of hospital stay after transplantation is long, and the cost is significantly higher. Therefore, performing liver transplantation at a less advanced stage of the disease (i.e., when the patient has less severe progressive liver disease) reduces perioperative risk, improves quality of life, and can significantly reduce the cost of treatment.