In the August 2014 issue of the Chinese Journal of Neurosurgery, a Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and management of post-craniocerebral trauma hydrocephalus was published. The main points of the recommendation are as follows: I. Overview 1. Post-cranial trauma hydrocephalus (PTH) is an increased secretion, or (and) impaired absorption, or (and) impaired circulation of cerebrospinal fluid after craniocerebral trauma, which causes abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles or (and) the intracranial subarachnoid space, making it partially or completely abnormally enlarged. 2. The main theories and hypotheses of the mechanism of PTH occurrence, including: mechanical obstruction of the ventricular system; the theory of impaired reabsorption, brain tissue displacement and altered cerebrospinal fluid dynamics; arachnoid tears or (and) fluid imbalance caused by excessive dehydration and diuresis. Diagnosis Our PTH diagnostic criteria: 1. clear history of craniocerebral trauma; 2. clinical manifestations: headache, vomiting and impaired state of consciousness; typical triad of cognitive dysfunction, gait instability and urinary incontinence in those with normal pressure PTH; early clinical state improvement followed by increased impairment of consciousness or worsening neurological state manifestations, or postoperative decompression window due to gradual outgrowth of PTH, or patient’s neurological state The patient’s neurological status continues to be in a low-scoring state. Imaging basis: progressive enlargement of the ventricular system on imaging is a necessary condition for diagnosis; some patients may have low density (on CT scan) or high signal (on T2-weighted imaging of MRI) cerebrospinal fluid leakage around the enlarged ventricles, which is an auxiliary sign. Differential diagnosis 1, cerebral atrophy: common after diffuse axonal injury and cerebral hypoxia, the typical manifestation on imaging is enlargement of the ventricular system along with widening of the cerebral sulcus, without the manifestation of periventricular exudative hypodensity. 2. Low-density chronic subdural hematoma: it is high signal on T1 and T2 images of MRI, while simple subdural effusion is low signal and high signal, respectively. Patients with clinically insignificant PTH should be followed up and observed; 2. Patients with worsening consciousness or deteriorating neurological status after once improving, progressive worsening of the expansion outside the decompression window, and progressive worsening of the typical signs on imaging should be treated promptly; 3. and subcutaneous Ommaya bursa implantation, etc. Permanent: Cerebrospinal fluid body cavity shunt, cerebrospinal fluid intracranial diversion.