The treatment of heart valve disease includes medication and surgery. The purpose of drug therapy is to treat the cause of the disease, such as anti-rheumatic therapy for rheumatic activity; secondly, to provide adjuvant therapy for the accompanying symptoms, such as taking cardiac and diuretic drugs to improve cardiac function when there is cardiac insufficiency, giving some drugs to slow down the heart rate and anticoagulation therapy to prevent cerebral embolism when combined with atrial fibrillation. Since heart valve lesions are irreversible, once they appear, they only get progressively worse. When the valve lesion reaches a certain level, the effect of medication alone becomes poor, and surgery is required at this time. At this point, surgery is the single most effective means of treatment. Surgery should be performed as soon as possible when heart valve disease is diagnosed, when the heart is enlarged, when there is panic and shortness of breath after activity (manifestations of heart failure), or when there are new arrhythmias. The goal of surgery is to restore the physiological function of the valve: adequate blood flow and unidirectional flow of blood. There are two types of surgery: one is valve repair, which is similar to repair and is mainly used for patients with degenerative valve disease and some valves that are not heavily diseased themselves. The other is valve replacement surgery, which is to remove the diseased valve and put in a new valve, mainly for rheumatic heart disease, and most of these surgeries are performed in China.