OVERVIEW
OVERVIEW
Infectious disease-induced anemia is many pathogenic microorganisms invade the human body, in the process of causing inflammation or infection, so that the production of red blood cells to reduce, increase the destruction or blood loss and anemia. It can be divided into two main categories: one occurs rapidly after infection and is often dominated by acute hemolytic anemia manifestations, and the other occurs gradually during chronic infection or inflammation and manifests as anemia of chronic disease.
Whether medical insurance
Yes, it is
Department
Hematology, Infection
Clinical symptoms
In anemia combined with chronic infection, patients have dizziness, weakness, pallor, palpitation and so on. In acute cases, the anemia is severe, and there is often obvious back pain and limb soreness.
Harm
In severe cases, shock and anemic heart disease may occur.
Complications
Shock, anemic heart disease, etc.
Examination
Blood routine, blood smear, serum iron, total iron binding capacity test, Coomb’s test, serum ferritin test, bone marrow iron granulocyte test, etc.
Diagnosis
Possessing the primary infectious disease causing anemia, and excluding other causes of anemia.
Treatment principle
Removal of pathogenic microorganisms, treatment of the primary infectious disease, and symptomatic blood transfusion if the anemia is severe.
Curability
If the primary disease is cured, the anemia can often be corrected on its own.
Dietary recommendations
Give high-protein, high-vitamin, easy-to-digest food, and abstain from smoking and alcohol.
Causes
Causes
Bacteria, viruses, protozoa, various acute and chronic infections.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Typical symptoms
The severity of symptoms is related to the severity of anemia and the speed of occurrence of anemia, mainly dizziness, fatigue, pallor, palpitations and so on. In addition, it is accompanied by symptoms corresponding to the chronic infection of the original disease.
Diagnostic basis
1. Patients have dizziness, fatigue, pallor, palpitations, etc. 2. Laboratory tests show a decrease in serum iron and total iron binding capacity, an increase in serum ferritin, a decrease in bone marrow ferritin erythrocytes, an increase in iron in the monocyte-macrophage system, and a shortening of the lifespan of erythrocytes. 3. In addition to the changes of the primary disease, a mild to moderate orthostatic orthochromatic anemia can be seen, and some patients have a microcytic hypochromatic anemia.
Treatment
Treatment guidelines
Remove pathogenic microorganisms, treat the primary infectious disease, mild anemia does not need treatment, anemia severe cases can be symptomatic blood transfusion to reduce the symptoms of anemia.
Drug treatment
Erythropoietin is effective in this disease, but the use of large doses, after the use of serum iron can lead to a further decline in iron, must pay attention to iron supplementation.
Other treatments
Mild anemia does not require treatment; severe anemia can be treated with symptomatic blood transfusion to alleviate the symptoms of anemia.
Prognosis
The prognosis of infectious anemia depends on the primary disease. If the primary disease is cured, the anemia can often be corrected on its own and the prognosis is good.
Nursing care
Daily care
1. Clean and hygienic environment in the sick room, maintain appropriate temperature and humidity, and ventilate frequently. 2. Keep the patient’s body clean, prevent the spread of bacteria in the body, take good care of the oral cavity, perineum and anus, and prevent all kinds of infections.
Diet regulation
Give high protein, high vitamin, easy to digest food.