The reason why there are considerably more male patients than female patients is that estrogen has the effect of promoting the excretion of uric acid. As a result, hyperuricemia rarely occurs in young women. However, after menopause, women may also be afflicted by this disease. As doctors, patients often ask: Why do I have gout? What are the things I can’t eat in the future? These questions, how to answer appropriately, may refer to the following.
1. What are the risk factors and protective factors in the diet of gout patients?
Risk factors: high energy, high fat, fructose, ethanol, high purine, high salt.
Protective factors: vitamin C, B vitamins, high potassium, high calcium, high magnesium, plant compounds.
2. Can gout patients drink alcohol?
Alcoholic beverages speed up the patient’s metabolism, leading to faster crystallization of purines, which can lead to gout attacks. Beer has the highest purine content of all alcohols and is rich in guanine nucleotides, which are most easily absorbed by the body and are positively correlated with blood uric acid levels. White wine has a high ethanol content and high energy (9 kcal/g), which is positively correlated with blood uric acid levels. Therefore, beer and liquor should be prohibited for gout patients. Red wine, which is rich in antioxidants, is negatively correlated with blood uric acid content and can be consumed appropriately.
3. Can’t gout patients eat soy products?
Dried beans: Avoid as much as possible in the acute phase, and moderate intake in the remission phase.
Soybean products (tofu, dried tofu, soy milk): the purine content is reduced during the production process, so 1 cup of soy milk or 2 taels of tofu per day will not cause a significant increase in purine intake.
4. Do gout patients need to restrict staple foods? How much should I eat?
Yes. Staple food is individualized, generally 150g~350g per day.
5. Which staple food is more suitable for gout patients?
Non-fermented pasta and delicate rice.
6. Which staple food should be eaten less often by gout patients?
Ramen noodles, dim sum, dumplings, wontons and dumplings.
7. Can gout patients eat fermented pasta?
The purine content of dried yeast is 589 mg/100mg, which is high in purine and should be avoided. The amount of dry yeast used in the production of fermented pasta is very small, so it is not too much purine and can be consumed appropriately (300 g of flour, 0.5%, 8.8 mg). When choosing yeast, it is best to choose low-sugar yeast.
8. Can gout patients eat meat? How much is appropriate to eat?
Not during acute attack, 50g~100g/day during remission
9. Which cooking method should gout patients choose to prepare meat?
Suitable: boiling, stewing. Not suitable: frying, deep-frying, smoking, baking.
10. Can gout patients eat milk and eggs freely?
Milk and eggs are the best choice, but they should be limited to 300ml~500ml/day of milk and one egg yolk per day or every other day.
11. Is the purine content of river fish lower than that of sea fish?
No! Most of them belong to category 1 and 2 (higher purine content).
12. Can’t all seafood be eaten by gout patients?
It is necessary to eat in moderation. You can choose seafood such as sea cucumber, jellyfish, seaweed, etc., which have very little purine content (<50 mg/100g). Be wary of anchovies, sardines, etc. with high purine content, and dried fish products, that are not food, that are eating uric acid!
13. which vegetables gout patients should eat less?
Dried shiitake mushrooms, nori, fresh beans, enoki mushrooms, kelp, silver fungus, onion and garlic.
14. Can’t all mushrooms and algae be eaten by gout patients?
Wood fungus is safe to eat, but silver fungus and kelp should be eaten in moderation.
15. Can’t bean sprouts be eaten by gout patients?
No. There are 2 types of food with high purine content, which should be eaten sparingly.
16. How to choose fruits for gout patients?
First, look at the purine content. Second, look at the fructose content.
17. What kind of fruits should not be eaten by gout patients?
Fruits with high sugar content such as dried fruit and dried fruit.
18. What are the most suitable fruits for gout patients?
Fruits rich in vitamin C, such as cherries (anthocyanin), should be eaten. Vitamin C can promote the dissolution of uric acid.
19. How much fruit can gout patients eat every day?
200g~400g, varies from person to person.
20. Spinach is an alkaline food, can I eat more of it?
No! Alkaline food refers to food containing more sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium, which can produce alkaline substances in the body after metabolism and can promote uric acid excretion. Although spinach is an alkaline food, it is rich in oxalic acid, which can easily cause uric acid to rise and generate calcium oxalate in the body, resulting in kidney stones. The gout patients with poor liver and kidney metabolism are prone to kidney stones, so gout patients should avoid foods that may produce kidney stones.
21. Since we are told to eat less meat, can we just stop eating?
This is wrong! If you don’t consume meat for a long time, the function of the body’s tissues and organs will decline, and the ability to metabolize purines will also decline. The appropriate amount of lean meat can enhance the body’s metabolic capacity and immune system, more conducive to avoid the recurrence of gout. For patients in remission from gout, intake in moderation and pay attention to the way it is cooked.
22. The purine content of coarse grains is slightly more, can we simply not eat, only eat japonica rice noodles?
No! Gout patients are mostly accompanied by metabolic syndrome, especially obesity, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia, etc. Coarse grains are rich in fiber, which is conducive to weight loss, lowering blood lipids and blood sugar, although slightly more purines, but it seems that, if not in the acute attack period, appropriate coarse and fine grains with more conducive to weight control. Gout patients should follow these three rules in their diet: eat more vegetables, drink more water, exercise more, drink less soup, eat less meat, eat less oil and salt, and do not crave food or drink alcohol.