Rickets, also known as vitamin D deficiency rickets, is one of the four diseases that are the focus of pediatric prevention and treatment in China, especially in the northern part of the country. The onset of the disease is due to vitamin D deficiency, calcium and phosphorus metabolism malfunction, resulting in a chronic malnutrition disease characterized by skeletal changes, manifested as excessive sweating, night crying, irritability, occipital baldness, muscle relaxation, fontanelle teeth closed or even chicken chest and turtle back, lower limbs bending and other symptoms. The ancient texts of Chinese medicine have recorded and researched this disease, such as Confucius has rickets turtle back and square cranial deformity, Qin Shi Huang has chicken chest, and many doctors from the spleen and kidney theory of treatment, has accumulated rich experience. The etiology of rickets has also been studied clearly in Western medicine, is a lack of vitamin D caused by the disease, vitamin D can promote the absorption of calcium and bone calcification, so how to prevent and control early to clear, just need to popularize the relevant knowledge, in order to prevent and control the disease scientifically, so that the child grows up healthy. First of all, in the first 3 months of pregnancy, the fetus’ need for vitamin D and calcium and phosphorus is increasing. In addition to daily insistence on sunlight to promote endogenous vitamin D production in the skin, it is also necessary to supplement vitamin D with 400 international units (IU) daily and drink milk and other foods high in calcium, phosphorus and protein. Secondly, starting from 2 weeks after birth, children should take 400-800 international units (IU) of vitamin D daily, which is the daily physiological requirement for healthy growth of children. Children in the north should maintain this dose until at least 1 year of age, and then take it for 3-4 months each winter until the age of 3. Also pay attention to more sunbathing to promote endogenous vitamin D synthesis in the skin, but exposure through glass is not effective because ultraviolet light can be blocked by ordinary glass. The most common oral formulations of vitamin D for children are various formulations of cod liver oil, so it is particularly important to choose the right formulation for children. Cod liver oil is extracted from fish liver and contains vitamins A and D. The majority of cod liver oil preparations A:D is 10:1, containing significantly more vitamin A than vitamin D. It is not suitable for correcting rickets, and vitamins A and D are fat-soluble vitamins, which are easily toxic to accumulate in the body in excess. -Therefore, children should not use adult cod liver oil and concentrated cod liver oil, but should use new pediatric cod liver oil with A:D of 2:4:1, such as Icoxin, Betelgeuse and pediatric cod liver oil preparations, in order to reduce cod liver oil poisoning caused by overdose. Contraindications: Because cod liver oil contains a lot of fat, it should not be used when children have poor gastrointestinal function and diarrhea. Chinese medicine can be used to strengthen the spleen and stomach, kidneys and bones, complementing the innate and nourishing the latter, treating both the symptoms and the root cause, and preventing rickets. It is especially suitable for use in autumn and winter.