Headache is caused by the stimulation of nociceptive nerve endings inside and outside the skull. The common causes of stimulation are: physical, chemical and biological, such as impact, inflammation, tumor extrusion, hematoma compression, etc. These stimuli are transmitted to the brain through nerve impulses, and then headache is produced. The cranial tissues with nociceptive nerve endings are: Intracranial tissues 1. Dura The sensitivity of dura to nociception is different in different parts, among which the posterior skull base is the most sensitive, with the strongest in the bromolar fossa. The fossa cerebri and the convex surface of the brain are not sensitive. 2.Vascular The arteries inside and outside the skull are sensitive to nociception, the most sensitive of which is the middle meningeal artery. The middle cerebral artery and vertebral artery have nociception at the beginning of 1-2 cm. Cerebral veins are not nociceptive, and venous sinuses are nociceptive, such as cavernous sinus, sigmoid sinus and transverse sinus. 3.Cranial nerves The linguopharyngeal nerve, trigeminal nerve, middle nerve in facial nerve, root filaments of vagus nerve in the skull and cervical 1-3 nerve roots are all very sensitive to pain. 4.Arachnoid Only the arachnoid membrane around the large blood vessels at the base of the skull is sensitive to pain. Extracranial tissues 1.Extracranial arteries that are usually prone to headache are occipital artery, superficial temporal artery and posterior auricular artery. The dilation of the inner lumen of these vessels and the pulling and twisting of the vessel wall can lead to fluctuating pain. 2.The muscles that cause headache are: temporalis muscle, cephalic semispinalis muscle, longest head muscle, longest neck muscle, posterior occipital muscle group, cephalic splint muscle, cervical splint muscle and so on. 3.Extracranial nerve endings: the endings of the greater occipital nerve, the lesser occipital nerve, the supraorbital nerve, the greater auricular nerve, and the auriculotemporal nerve are extremely sensitive to pain sensation. 4.Bone mold: the bone mold at the base of the skull is sensitive to pain, while the bone mold at the top is not. 5.Other tissues: mucosal tissues of the sinuses and paranasal sinuses, external ear, middle ear, and dental pulp are sensitive to pain and can cause headache.