Low-grade gliomas are generally defined as WHO grade 1 to 2 gliomas. These tumors most often occur in young people, and about 90% of them are due to epileptic onset, or patients are discovered by chance during physical examinations. With the current medical conditions, glioma is still difficult to achieve a cure and has become a problem for many patients and their families. Although this disease is not yet curable, comprehensive treatment based on surgical resection offers the possibility of long-term high-quality survival. Currently, patients and families of low-grade glioma need to overcome the misconception that “treatment is the same as no treatment” and “the number of cuts is the same” in order to better treat the disease. Low-grade glioma grows slowly, generally 2.2-5.5mm per year, and after a quiescent period of about 4-5 years, malignant transformation enters a rapid growth period, producing obvious neurological symptoms and turning into high-grade glioma. We all know that brain tissues all have their own functions, and if surgery affects important functional areas, it will produce corresponding neurological dysfunction, which in turn affects the patient’s quality of life. For infiltrative growth lesions like glioma, although they are less malignant, if the degree of resection is insufficient, the residual lesions will sooner or later recur and even progress to high grade more quickly. Most low-grade gliomas end up being life-threatening due to malignant progression to high-grade gliomas. Although some patients do not experience any physical discomfort when low-grade gliomas are discovered, it is recommended that surgery should be performed as early as possible once discovered and not wait and see. Clinical evidence shows that surgery can delay or prevent malignant progression and even achieve clinical cure. If radical resection is not possible in order to preserve important functions such as movement or speech, some form of postoperative adjuvant therapy is needed to delay recurrence and malignant progression, and to ensure long, high-quality survival. Previously, some patients had some misconceptions about the treatment of low-grade glioma, such as “cutting more or less is the same” and “sacrificing function for total removal of the lesion”, which proved that these perceptions and practices did not benefit patients to the greatest extent. In recent years, glioma has gradually become a mature subspecialty in China, and many hospitals have specialized physicians (teams) to work on comprehensive glioma treatment. More and more clinicians have a new understanding of the standardized treatment of glioma. With the aid of multiple surgical adjuncts, it is the goal of glioma surgery to remove the maximum amount of tumor, based on the safety of the patient’s neurological function as much as possible. Magnetic resonance imaging in the immediate postoperative period or within 72 hours after surgery provides the most accurate and objective assessment of the extent of resection. As patients and their families, they should also have a good understanding of some treatment misconceptions regarding adjuvant therapy after surgery. As for the guidance of adjuvant therapy after surgery, the current guidelines suggest that patients younger than 40 years old and who have achieved total imaging resection can be reviewed regularly without follow-up treatment, while all other cases need to receive some form of adjuvant therapy. However, in clinical practice, many patients do not receive an objective assessment of the extent of resection or even standard adjuvant therapy, which ultimately affects the overall survival time of the patient. For postoperative patients with glioma, it is important to cooperate with the physician for standardized postoperative follow-up. At present, it is recommended that patients with low-grade glioma be followed up every six months to respond to problems early. In clinical practice, some patients go to the hospital for further consultation only after symptoms reappear, by which time most of them have already missed the best opportunity for management. Patients should have a positive understanding of the treatment of low-grade glioma: it is not an “incurable disease” and there is a huge difference in survival between patients treated and untreated; there are many strategies for surgical resection, and it is not the same as many people think. In addition, the treatment of low-grade glioma is not only surgical resection, but also post-operative radiotherapy and other comprehensive adjuvant means to cooperate.