Liver failure is a serious damage caused by a variety of factors such as viruses, alcohol, and drugs, resulting in massive necrosis of liver cells, leading to severe impairment or loss of liver function. Liver transplantation is the most effective treatment for liver failure, and the longest survivor has been over 33 years. The liver is one of the vital organs of the body, with functions of synthesis, detoxification, metabolism, secretion, biotransformation, and immune defense. Liver transplantation has become a routine treatment for end-stage liver disease, and there are large individual differences in how long patients can live after transplantation, with 1-year survival rates of over 90%, 5-year survival rates of over 80%, and the longest survivor being over 33 years. Most patients are able to live a long and healthy life and engage in a normal social and family life. After liver transplantation, it is necessary to take anti-rejection drugs for life, and pay attention to regular life, combining work and rest, maintaining good and optimistic emotions, maintaining personal hygiene, and reducing the chance of infection.