Among the DNA abnormalities in male sperm, DNA breaks are the most common, especially in patients with infertility. A growing number of studies now show that sperm DNA breaks do not significantly affect sperm cell survival, motility, morphology, or the ability to bind to egg cells. Studies have also demonstrated that damaged DNA can be repaired to some extent by the oocyte during fertilization, with the extent of repair dependent on the type of sperm DNA damage and the quality of the oocyte. Therefore, studying the impact of sperm DNA integrity on embryo development, embryo implantation, pregnancy outcome, and offspring health in natural birth or assisted reproductive technology assisted conception has become of increasing interest. To date, studies addressing the effects of sperm DNA integrity on reproduction have reached very inconsistent conclusions. The reasons for the inconsistent results may be related to different detection techniques, differences in experimental design, and different criteria for the selection of observation subjects. Therefore, the application of sperm DNA integrity testing technology for the evaluation of natural fertility and assisted reproductive technology outcomes cannot be determined at this time. The clinical application of this technology requires uniformity of testing techniques and further clinical studies. Yue Huanxun, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Second West China Hospital, Sichuan University