For isolated hepatic cysts, unless complications such as rupture of the cyst, torsion of the cystic pedicle or intracystic hemorrhage occur, emergency surgical treatment, elective surgery needs to be based on the size and location of the cyst, as well as the patient’s general condition and self-awareness of symptoms. Asymptomatic isolated hepatic cysts occasionally found during physical examination can be temporarily treated conservatively, with regular observation by ultrasonography, and need to be vigilant against the occurrence of malignant changes. Large liver cysts with symptoms are best treated surgically, as conservative treatments such as puncture and aspiration are usually prone to recurrence and may result in bacterial contamination. Polycystic liver should usually be treated non-surgically, and because it involves the entire liver, it cannot be cured except by liver transplantation. However, when polycystic liver affects the respiratory circulation due to hepatomegaly compressing the chest and abdomen, surgical decompression should be considered. Depending on the specific conditions, the following surgical methods can be used: 1, hepatectomy; 2, cystectomy; 3, cyst opening or cyst major resection; 4, internal drainage of cysts; 5, cyst puncture and aspiration and sclerotherapy. Surgery of polycystic liver: unless the lesion is limited to one lobe of the liver, and accompanied by symptoms; or suspected malignant changes, generally do not advocate surgical treatment. When individual cysts are found to be increasing rapidly, compressing the neighboring organs and seriously affecting the patient’s daily life or cardiopulmonary function, repeated puncture and aspiration of the larger cysts can be performed. If the patient’s general condition is good and liver function is normal, window surgery can also be performed to reduce the pressure, relieve the symptoms and promote liver cell regeneration. Liver transplantation can be performed if possible to completely eradicate the disease. Treatment of polycystic liver combined with polycystic kidney: the treatment of polycystic liver refers to the above program. When there is no symptom of polycystic kidney, observation and regular review of kidney function can be done. If symptoms appear (such as low back pain, hematuria, hypertension, renal failure, etc.), surgical treatment is needed, including puncture or incision of the cysts to reduce the pressure of the cysts, which can sometimes slow down the progression of the lesions and renal failure, and dialysis therapy if necessary. A radical cure requires a kidney transplant.