Many people know: “When you get older your body gets shorter.” In fact, this is a red flag for osteoporosis. The spine is the largest pillar of the body, and when osteoporosis occurs, it causes the spine to compress and deform under weight, resulting in a shorter stature. As the disease progresses, it can also cause the spine to tilt forward and form a hunchback. Fractures are the most common and serious complication of osteoporosis. Patients with osteoporosis are at risk of fractures from mild trauma or during daily activities. Osteoporosis is mostly characterized by low back pain, shortened height, hunchback, and susceptibility to fracture. Fifty percent of patients with osteoporosis have no symptoms, and some are not detected until after a fracture has occurred. The majority of women with osteoporosis appear before and after menopause, and surveys show that women lose 0.5% to 1% of their bone mass each year at age 50 or before menopause, and the rate of bone loss increases by 6.5% each year for five years after menopause. Osteoporosis in women is related to the decrease in estrogen levels. Around the time of menopause, women’s ovarian function begins to decline, and estrogen levels in the body continue to fall. Estrogen is an important hormone that women use to maintain healthy bones, and it helps with calcium absorption and directly promotes bone production. And a decrease in estrogen levels will lead to a rapid loss of bone mass, which will affect bone health. Therefore, when estrogen levels are high, women rarely develop osteoporosis, which is a condition that occurs far after menopause, usually 3 to 5 years after menopause. However, this does not mean that a woman who has just gone through menopause must not get osteoporosis. On the contrary, some women are still menstruating, but her osteoporosis is already very serious, and the cause of osteoporosis should be clarified at this time.