Epidemiological studies have found that the incidence of hyperuricemia is 25.8% in men and 15% in women, while the incidence of gout is 11.5% in men and 3% in women with hyperuricemia, so the incidence is lower in women than in men. As for the risk factors for gout, it has been found that the age group of 30-39 years is prone to hyperuricemia, while in the age group of 40-59 years, hyperuricemia is prone to a group of diseases associated with coronary heart disease, such as hyperuricemia complicated by hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity and diabetes mellitus. In addition, alcohol consumption in middle-aged men and menopause in women are also risk factors for the development of hyperuricemia. Thus, the incidence of hyperuricemia is more than two times higher in women aged 50-59 years than in women aged 40-49 years. In contrast, blood uric acid levels in men do not fluctuate significantly with age, but are stable. In older adults older than 60 years, renal impairment and use of diuretics are important risk factors for the development of gout. The main risk factors for gout in the general population are: uric acid levels, alcohol consumption and obesity. Therefore, avoidance of diuretics, weight control and alcohol avoidance can help reduce the incidence of gouty arthritis in the general population.