Cholera is a virulent intestinal infection caused by Vibrio cholerae, with rapid onset and spread, and is an important cause of diarrhea in most parts of Asia and Africa, and is an international quarantine infectious disease. In China, cholera belongs to category A infectious disease; typical patients can cause severe dehydration due to severe diarrhea and vomiting, which can lead to peripheral circulatory failure and acute renal failure, and death is easily caused by untimely diagnosis and treatment. Patients and carriers are the source of cholera infection. Cholera epidemic can be formed after eating contaminated seafood and aquatic products. The disease is mainly spread by water, contaminated food and hands and flies, etc., also play a role in the spread of disease. The population is generally susceptible. In newly infected areas, adults are more susceptible than children; in endemic areas, the incidence is higher in children than in adults. The incubation period of cholera is 1~3 days, and the course of the disease is divided into 3 stages in typical cases. The stool starts as mud-like or watery, with fecal matter; it quickly becomes rice slop-like or colorless and transparent watery, without fecal odor, slightly sweet or fishy, containing a lot of flaky mucus, with a large amount of stool, which can exceed 1000ml each time, more than ten times a day, and even difficult to count. Vomiting mostly occurs after diarrhea, and the vomit is first stomach contents and later clear water-like. Due to frequent diarrhea and vomiting, a large amount of water and electrolytes are lost and the patient rapidly becomes dehydrated and has microcirculatory failure. When the patient’s dehydration is promptly corrected, most symptoms disappear and the patient returns to normal. Positive fecal culture of Vibrio cholerae is the basis for diagnosis. [Health care prescription] 1. Establish a sound intestinal clinic, do fecal culture and register each patient with acute diarrhea, detect the patient in time, isolate and treat the patient as early as possible, and thoroughly disinfect the excreta and possible contaminated areas. 2. Close contacts should be closely quarantined, fecal examination and drug treatment, fecal culture should be once a day for 2 days, after each fecal examination to give medication can reduce carriers, the general application of doxycycline 200mg dose, the next day oral 100mg. can also apply norfloxacin, each time 200mg, 3 times a day, for 2 days. 3.Make sure that the national health quarantine and domestic transportation quarantine, once the patient or suspected patient is found, should be immediately isolated and treated, and the transportation should be thoroughly disinfected. 4.In endemic areas, monitor surface water regularly, disinfect contaminated clothes and utensils, and at the same time, strengthen hygiene propaganda, do not drink raw water or eat raw food, and eliminate flies and other vectors of transmission. Strengthen the construction of municipalities (upper and lower sewers) and the construction of closed common latrines. 5.Improve the immunity of the population In the past, the application of the whole bacteria dead vaccine or immunization of the population with cholera enterotoxin toxoid vaccine, due to the low protection rate, short protection time, and can not prevent hidden infection and carriers, and therefore no longer advocate the application. At present, a variety of vaccines have been made and tested abroad using genetic engineering technology, and are still being expanded and tested.