At present, hepatitis B antiviral treatment mainly uses two types of drugs: one is interferon and the other is oral nucleoside analogs. In China, many hepatitis B patients take oral nucleoside analogs for antiviral treatment. However, according to the “10,000 patients’ adherence to oral antiviral therapy research results”, 41% of patients wrongly believe that the antiviral treatment is within 2 years; 42% of patients can not adhere to at least once every 3 months of follow-up; 29% of patients who can not afford to pay for the drug and lose the ability to take the drug regularly (self-administration of medication withdrawal, discontinuous medication, or every other day medication). The vast majority of patients with hepatitis B know that chronic hepatitis B must be treated with antiviral therapy. This realization is hard-won, and many patients have gone through a lot of detours and trials and tribulations before coming to their senses. The goal of antiviral therapy for hepatitis B is to consistently suppress viral replication and slow disease progression. Long-term adherence to treatment for more than two years is required to achieve the therapeutic goal. If the indicators meet the requirements at the end of the antiviral course, and the indicators are normal after stopping the drug observation, it is not impossible to stop the drug. However, long-term treatment is further challenged by drug resistance. Lamivudine is the first oral nucleoside antiviral drug developed and has been in clinical use for more than 10 years. It is a safe, effective, affordable, and most widely used antiviral drug, but it is also the drug most susceptible to drug-resistant mutations. To prevent drug resistance as much as possible, patients should not give up the treatment or stop or change the drugs at will, but must be reviewed regularly (once every three months). Hepatitis B patients should be treated according to the principle of “one, two, three”, i.e., “one” must be antiviral; “two” insist, i.e., insist on long-term treatment, insist on regular follow-up; “When choosing drugs, the principle of “less disease progression, less adverse reactions and less treatment cost” should be grasped.