Osteoporosis (osteoporosis) is a systemic bone disease that results in a decrease in bone density and quality, destruction of bone microarchitecture, and increased bone fragility due to multiple causes, making it prone to fractures. Osteoporosis is divided into two major categories: primary and secondary. Primary osteoporosis is divided into postmenopausal osteoporosis (type I), senile osteoporosis (type II) and idiopathic osteoporosis (including adolescent type). Postmenopausal osteoporosis generally occurs within 5 to 10 years after menopause; senile osteoporosis generally refers to osteoporosis that occurs after the age of 70; and idiopathic osteoporosis mainly occurs in adolescents, the cause of which is still unknown. What are the misconceptions about the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis? Myth 1: Prevention of osteoporosis only requires simple calcium supplementation. Calcium deficiency is not the only factor in the occurrence of osteoporosis, so it is not enough to simply take calcium supplements. The loss of bone calcium is related to the height of the bone peak in youth, and the more calcium supplementation is not the better. It is best for middle-aged and elderly people to take calcium supplements once a night before going to bed to offset low blood calcium at night. If you take calcium supplements along with vitamin D, it is better to prevent osteoporosis. In addition reasonable diet, exercise and other ways are also and important. Myth 2: Osteoporosis has nothing to do with young people. If you neglect exercise in your youth, often picky or dieting, unbalanced diet structure, resulting in low dietary calcium intake, thin body, and also have bad habits such as smoking and drinking, it is not easy to achieve the ideal peak bone volume and quality, it will give osteoporosis a chance to invade young people, especially young women. Therefore, prevention of osteoporosis should be started early so that the ideal peak bone mass can be obtained at a young age. Myth 3: Sex hormone supplementation to prevent and treat osteoporosis predisposes to cancer. For osteoporosis patients who also have menopausal symptoms, they can be reasonably treated with estrogen replacement therapy under the guidance of doctors. The principle of estrogen use is low-dose and short-term, with the main purpose of improving menopausal symptoms, and they should be followed up regularly during the treatment process. As long as the uterus, breast and ovaries are checked for lesions once every six months, estrogen therapy is still relatively safe. If the osteoporotic patient has no menopausal symptoms, then estrogen supplementation is not advocated. Myth 4: With osteoporosis, fractures are likely to occur, so it is advisable to stay still. Maintaining a normal amount of bone calcium and bone density requires constant exercise stimulation, and lack of exercise can cause decalcification and osteoporosis. Osteoporosis can occur in patients who are bedridden for a long time or have fractures fixed. Bone loss is accelerated by reduced exercise and inattention to physical activity. Therefore, physical exercise has a positive effect on the prevention of osteoporosis. In addition, if no attention is paid to physical exercise and osteoporosis occurs, muscle strength is also reduced and the stimulation of bones is further reduced. This will not only accelerate the development of osteoporosis, but also affect the flexibility of joints and make it easy to fall and cause fractures.