Surgery is a method of treating primary liver cancer. If only part of the liver has cancer and the rest of the liver is in good condition and not sclerotic, the surgeon will consider surgery to remove the cancerous part, called a hepatectomy If one of the lobes of the liver is removed, it is called a lobectomy. The liver has an amazing ability to repair itself. Even if three quarters of it is cut off, it can grow back quickly. For advanced stage liver cancer, the best time for surgery has been lost, and most of them are treated with combination of Chinese and Western medicine. Early resection is the key to improve the survival rate, and the smaller the tumor, the higher the five-year survival rate. The indications for surgery are: ① those with clear diagnosis and the lesion is estimated to be limited to one lobe or half of the liver; ② those without obvious jaundice, ascites or distant metastasis; ③ those with good liver function compensation and prothrombin time not less than 50%; ④ those with tolerated heart, liver and kidney function. In those with normal liver function, the amount of liver resection should not exceed 70%; in those with moderate cirrhosis, it should not exceed 50%, or only the left half of the liver can be resected; in those with severe cirrhosis, lobectomy cannot be performed. It is recognized that local resection instead of regular lobectomy has the same effect, and the postoperative liver function disorder is reduced and the surgical mortality rate is also reduced. Since radical resection still has a high recurrence rate, it is advisable to review AFP and ultrasound imaging regularly after surgery to monitor recurrence. Because of the close follow-up after radical resection, small hepatocellular carcinoma with recurrence in the “subclinical stage” is often detected, and reoperation is preferred. Although liver transplantation is a treatment for liver cancer and has been reported more frequently abroad, its status in the treatment of liver cancer has not been confirmed for a long time, and patients often die of recurrence due to the application of long-term immunosuppressive drugs after surgery. For developing countries, it is still difficult to be promoted in recent years due to the source of donor and cost. 2.Palliative surgical treatment is suitable for larger tumors or scattered distribution or close to large blood vessel area, or combined with cirrhosis restriction and cannot be removed, methods include hepatic artery ligation and/or hepatic artery cannulation chemotherapy, freezing, laser therapy, microwave therapy, intraoperative hepatic artery embolization therapy or anhydrous alcohol intratumoral injection, etc. Sometimes, it can shrink the tumor and decrease the serum AFP, which provides the opportunity for the next surgical resection.