The macula is the central part of the retina in the fundus, an important anatomical structure for visual imaging, not a disease. Diseases involving mainly the macula are called fundus macular diseases, and treatment is generally different depending on the type of macular lesion disease and the different stages the macular lesion is in. There are very many types of fundus macular lesions, the most common ones are central plagiochoroidal retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic macular edema, macular edema with retinal vein obstruction, macular anterior membrane, macular fissure, and highly myopic macular lesion. In addition, it can also be caused by trauma, drugs, genetics, intraocular inflammation, photodamage and other etiologies. The treatment of macular diseases varies from disease to disease. For example, wet age-related macular degeneration, diabetic macular edema, retinal vein obstruction combined with macular edema, highly myopic choroidal neovascularization, central exudative retinitis, etc. can be treated by intraocular injection and fundus laser treatment in the acute stage of the disease. Central plasmacytoid chorioretinopathy can also be treated with photodynamic therapy. Macular anterior membrane and macular fissure generally require surgical treatment. There is no particularly effective treatment for dry age-related macular degeneration. Avoiding bright light as much as possible, eating more fresh vegetables and fruits, and taking appropriate amount of oral vitamin C, E, zinc, lutein and zeaxanthin can slow down the development of the disease.