I. Dietary treatment of chronic kidney disease 1. Low-salt diet Daily salt intake is controlled at 2-3 grams (or 10-15 ml of soy sauce). Avoid foods containing sodium ions, such as salted vegetables, salted eggs, cured meat, seafood, salted bread, etc. Low sodium salt can be consumed. It is mainly suitable for patients with kidney disease, hypertension, heart failure and edema. 2, high quality protein diet to eat high nutritional value protein (high quality protein) is the main diet, high quality protein accounted for more than 50%. It is mainly applied to kidney patients with normal kidney function. According to the nutritional value of protein in food, depends on the content and relative proportion of nutritionally essential amino acids in it. According to its nutritional value, protein can be divided into: ① high nutritional value protein: mostly animal protein such as fish, lean meat, chicken, eggs, dairy products, animal protein contains more complete essential amino acids, easy to be used by the body. ② low nutritional value protein: soy protein is one of the highest nutritional value of plant protein, most of the plant protein nutritional essential amino acid content and ratio and the human body protein difference, the human body utilization rate is low. 3, high quality “low” protein diet daily diet of no more than 30-40 grams of protein (adults), of which high-quality protein should account for more than 50%. Mainly applicable to patients with various chronic kidney disease. 4, low-fat diet less animal oil, cooking oil mainly vegetable oil, limit cholesterol-containing food, such as egg yolk, animal offal, seafood, etc.. Mainly for hyperlipidemia, chronic kidney disease, hypertension, coronary heart disease, obesity and other patients. 5, low phosphorus diet less animal offal, seafood, dairy products, meat and nuts. Mainly for patients with renal failure, hyperphosphatemia. 6.Low purine diet restrict the consumption of food with purine content, such as animal offal, sardines, brains, gravy, hot pot soup, beer, etc. It is mainly applied to patients with gout and hyperuricemia. If, after blood urea nitrogen, blood creatinine, endogenous creatinine clearance rate, renogram or ultrasound examination, it is determined that the patient’s renal function damage is not yet serious, there is no need to strictly restrict protein in the diet, and protein should be about 1 gram per kilogram of body weight per day, and attention should be paid to the selection of foods rich in high-quality protein, such as milk, eggs and lean meat. Calories should be maintained at about 2000 kcal per day. You should also eat more fresh fruits and vegetables to replenish a variety of vitamins, especially vitamin C. Tomatoes, cucumbers, radishes, various green leafy vegetables, fresh dates, watermelon, citrus, kiwi and natural fruit juices are rich in vitamins and minerals and can be selected appropriately. The amount of salt needs to be decided according to the condition. When the patient’s swelling and hypertension are not serious, he can eat a diet with less salt. If the patient’s kidney function is becoming more and more serious, we should strictly limit the intake of protein and minerals such as sodium, potassium and phosphorus in the diet, and follow the chronic renal failure recipe. It is generally believed that patients without oliguria, edema is not obvious, it is not necessary to absolutely ban salt, eat lighter can be. Anyone with severe edema, hypertension or heart failure should strictly abstain from salt. If you do not pay attention to control salt intake, you should aggravate water and sodium retention, which in turn will increase hypertension and worsen heart failure. In this case, not only general salt should not be eaten, but even foods with high sodium content, such as soda crackers, doughnuts and meat loaf, should not be eaten. When the urine volume increases and edema subsides, only then can you gradually eat a low-salt diet. Second, the kidney disease to avoid the following seafood, soy products as far as possible, do not eat, do not eat chili, food containing high salt, wine is never to drink. Stimulate the various organs of the body before especially kidney disease patients treatment stimulation is greater, summary: do not eat irritating food, the most taboo is seafood, wine and salt. To get used to light food, as much salt will aggravate the cause of urine protein. Third, kidney patients should be cautious with the following drugs Antibiotic drugs in the class of neomycin, gentamicin, butamycin, tobramycin, streptomycin, and certain pioneer, polymyxin, vancomycin, amphotericin, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, etc. Although some drugs are not nephrotoxic in themselves, they can also cause renal damage due to patient’s allergy to these drugs, for example, new penicillin can cause acute allergic interstitial nephritis, manifested as fever, rash, eosinophilic leukocytosis, oliguria and renal hypofunction, etc. Commonly used cold medicines, painkillers, if long-term use can inhibit the enzymatic activity of renal tubular cells, can occur direct renal tubular toxicity, and sometimes also cause allergic reactions in renal tissue, so patients with renal parenchymal disease, the use of such drugs should also be cautious. There are also certain herbal and proprietary Chinese medicines that have nephrotoxic side effects.