The traditional method is open surgery, although laparoscopic technology has been developed in recent years, but it requires hospitalization and general anesthesia, and the surgery is still more traumatic. The operation process is similar to gastroscopy, and the patient’s feeling is similar to that of a gastroscopy. Duodenoscopy technology applied to the treatment of common bile duct stones has the advantages of no incision, less pain, and low cost, and has become the preferred treatment method in developed countries or regions. In addition to common bile duct stones, it has been extended to a dozen of diseases such as acute severe cholangitis, biliary pancreatitis, papillary sphincter stenosis, etc. Its techniques have also developed to papillary sphincterotomy, mesh basket lithotomy, mesh basket lithotripsy, nasobiliary drainage, internal duct drainage, and balloon and mechanical bile duct dilation.