The “post-80s” Wang every menstrual days, always painful to roll in bed …… At first, she thought that after marriage, menstrual pain will naturally “not cure”, also did not pay too much attention to, at most The most important thing is to take a few painkillers when you can’t stand it. But after marriage, Wang’s menstrual cramps did not get better. What is more difficult for her to say is that sometimes she suddenly feels pain when having intercourse. And after more than a year of marriage, her belly is still not moving. She went to the hospital for a checkup at the suggestion of her friends, and the doctor said she had “deep infiltrative endometriosis”, which might be the reason why she had not been able to get pregnant for a long time and had painful intercourse. Ms. Yang, who is 40 years old, suffers from a “strange disease”. Every time she gets her period, in addition to the pain in her belly, her bowels are also abnormal. The first two days of menstruation, constipation, with obvious anal cramps; once the period is over, there is diarrhea, sometimes even bloody stools! And as time went on, the condition gradually worsened. Ms. Yang saw several hospitals and even had hemorrhoid surgery, but none of the symptoms improved, and Ms. Yang was very distressed by this. On the advice of a local doctor, Ms. Yang came to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, where she was examined and considered to have “deep infiltrative endometriosis”, which required surgery. Endometriosis in women has become a common gynecological disease with a high incidence and is gradually becoming well known to the public. However, deep infiltrative endometriosis (deep endometriosis) is less common and is a more severe form of endometriosis. It is commonly seen in women of childbearing age. Deep endometriosis lesions are commonly found in the vaginal-rectal septum, posterior uterine sulcus, rectum, periureteral area, and even the bladder. The involvement of the lesions in different areas may produce symptoms such as painful intercourse, anal cramping, alternating diarrhea and constipation during menstruation, bloody stools, ureteral fluid accumulation and even hematuria. Common symptoms of deep endoheterosis also include dysmenorrhea, infertility, and increased menstrual flow. The primary treatment for deep endo is a combination of surgery + medication. Prior to surgery, a detailed physical examination and relevant ancillary tests are required to determine the surgical plan. Since deep endo-ischemic lesions often involve more important organs (e.g., intestines, ureters and bladder), surgery is much more difficult and often requires a surgeon to operate on the same stage. After the surgery, everything is not fine. A follow-up medication and follow-up plan should be formulated according to the patient’s age, fertility requirements and other disease bases in order to effectively prevent recurrence of the disease.