Multiple lymph node enlargement in the mesentery is considered more likely to be malignant disease, especially malignant tumors occurring in the intestine, the most common being colorectal cancer. Generally, fiberoptic colonoscopy should be performed in a timely manner to further clarify the diagnosis, and usually radical resection surgery should be chosen for early stage patients. For advanced stage patients, palliative surgery is also an option, and after surgery, systemic intravenous chemotherapy is also required. It is also important to monitor changes in internal environmental indicators during treatment and to perform regular postoperative colonoscopy. In some patients, lymphoma may be the cause of the disease, and the patient may have enlarged peripheral superficial lymph nodes. In this case, further local lymph node dissection, biopsy and targeted treatment, mainly systemic intravenous chemotherapy, should be performed, and many patients can be controlled to some extent.