Many male patients are anxious to have children, but the quality of semen check is not satisfactory, then an ultrasound is done and varicocele is found, many patients are afraid of this. First of all, we say that there are many causes of infertility and it is not only one factor that causes weak spermatozoa. Varicocele is very common in young men, for example, about 10% of men suffer from varicocele to varying degrees. So, what are varicocele? Varicocele is the gradual tortuous thickening of the spermatic veins due to incomplete closure of the spermatic vein valves and gravitational factors of blood within the vessels that can lead to impaired blood return within the trapezius plexus. Varicocele mostly occurs on the left side, which has its anatomical basis, is due to the fact that the left testicular spermatic vein returns to the left renal vein through a right-angle form of reflux, and the resistance to reflux is greater, so it is more prone to varicocele than the right side. However, it is important to note that sometimes renal tumors and other occupying compression effects in the retroperitoneum can also cause varicocele. Secondly, it is important to understand the symptoms and dangers of varicocele. Many patients are found to have varicose veins in hospital due to infertility, and in serious cases, when standing for a long time and exerting themselves, it is obvious that there are dilated veins on the surface of the scrotum that are aggravated and tortuous, like “earthworm-like”. Some patients have scrotal cramping, vague pain and hot flashes. The varicose veins can be detected by ultrasound. Severe varicocele can impair the spermatogenic function of the testes and affect the blood supply to the testes, leading to ischemia and hypoxia in the spermatogenic microenvironment and increased oxidative stress, resulting in poor quality sperm production and higher malformation rate, thus affecting the probability of pregnancy. At the same time, testosterone production is also affected in many patients. So, how to treat varicocele? First of all, it depends on the age of the spouse. If the female partner is young, under 25 years old, then the varicocele can be treated surgically by performing varicocele ligation through a microscope, then it is expected to have enough post-surgical recovery period to improve the sperm quality and increase the conception rate. If the female partner’s age has exceeded 30 years old especially 35 years old, it is necessary to weigh the pros and cons, because in some patients the quality and quantity of sperm “decreases rather than rises” after surgery, which suggests that varicocele surgery cannot completely alleviate the spermatogenic dysfunction, and if the female partner is older and the reserve function of the ovaries is reduced, at this time, it should be done after After conditioning, artificial insemination should be performed to make the woman pregnant as soon as possible, and if necessary, in vitro fertilization. After all, the female factor is very crucial in fertility, and at this time, surgery should not be performed hastily, and the pros and cons should be weighed, especially taking into account the age of the woman.