Varicocele is a common disease in men, and the incidence of varicocele is about 15% in adolescent boys or adult men. It can lead to decreased semen quality and infertility in men, and about 35-42% of primary male infertility is caused by varicocele; in addition, varicocele can cause scrotal swelling and painful discomfort. When these problems occur, surgical treatment can be considered. There are several methods of surgical treatment: open surgery, laparoscopic surgery and microsurgery. Microsurgery is the most important type of surgery in recent years. The incision is made below the external ring opening and done under a medical surgical microscope. The surgery is usually magnified 10 times to clearly and completely preserve the testicular arteries and lymphatic vessels and completely ligate the veins around the testicles. The main advantages are low recurrence rate, few complications (scrotal edema, syringomyelia, testicular atrophy), fast recovery of the patient after surgery, and more concealed incision (above the scrotum, within the body hair area). After surgery, it is necessary to avoid strenuous exercise in the early stages, and it is recommended to wear tight, breathable and elastic underwear to protect the scrotum.