Case: The patient Mr. Li is 49 years old, more than ten years ago in the unit physical examination, the doctor informed the patient gallbladder sediment-like stones, but he did not care too much at first, a few months ago the unit physical examination again, the patient Mr. Li found suffering from gallbladder polyps. At that time, the doctor advised him to have surgery, but Mr. Li felt no discomfort and was reluctant to have his gallbladder removed. Recently, Mr. Li felt nausea and vomiting, could not eat, and he was losing weight, after self-adjustment diet and stomach medicine, but did not see any improvement. Finally, he went to the hospital for detailed examination and found that he was suffering from advanced gallbladder cancer. Should we operate if we have gallbladder stones? When is the best time to operate? In clinical practice, we classify gallbladder stones into two types according to the presence or absence of symptoms: one is symptomatic gallbladder stones and the other is asymptomatic gallbladder stones. Symptomatic gallbladder stones refer to patients with intermittent or persistent discomfort in the gallbladder area or back of the shoulder and gastrointestinal symptoms, and in severe cases, severe biliary colic. Such patients will mostly ask for surgery on their own initiative, but it is often when the pain is unbearable that they ask the doctor to operate on them as soon as possible to relieve the pain, but at this time, due to the heavy inflammation, the operation is risky and the healing is poor. However, some patients do not want to operate after pain relief, which leads to pain – medication – relief – pain again – medication again. -remedication …… repeatedly and even cause serious complications. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that patients with symptomatic gallbladder stones must choose the best time for elective surgery during the pain relief period. Asymptomatic gallbladder stones, refers to the gallbladder stones that usually do not have any symptoms, but are unintentionally found during physical examination or examination of other diseases, such patients should be operated or not in the following two cases. First, it depends on whether the gallbladder is functional or not. If the gallbladder has stones but is functioning well and does not have any symptoms, surgery can be suspended and the ultrasound can be reviewed every six months. If the gallbladder has lost its function, such as gallbladder stone embedded, gallbladder stone filled type or gallbladder atrophy, such gallbladder has no need to be preserved and has become a potential hazard, it should be removed by elective surgery as early as possible. If gallbladder stones are combined with polyps, the chance of cancer is very high and surgical removal is also recommended. Secondly, it depends on the size and number of stones. Some studies have confirmed that the risk of gallbladder cancer is 10.1 times higher for larger stones with a diameter greater than 3.0 cm or more stones with a total diameter greater than 3.0 cm than for stones with a diameter of less than 1 cm due to their long-term stimulation of the gallbladder. Gallbladder cancer is 29.9 times more likely to develop in those with gallbladder stones larger than 1 cm in diameter than in those without gallbladder stones, and there is no way to recover from cancer once it occurs. Therefore, it is recommended that those with stone diameter or total stone diameter greater than 3.0 cm should be operated, and the surgery can be minimally invasive cholecystectomy or minimally invasive cholecystectomy. Patients with gallbladder stones should pay attention to their diet and avoid eating cold, greasy, high-protein and stimulating foods. Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, fish and seafood, which help to clear the gallbladder and dissolve stones. In addition, it is also very important to have a regular life, pay attention to the combination of work and rest, proper exercise, avoid gaining weight, etc. are also very important preventive measures.