An enlarged spleen is the main manifestation of splenic disease. In general, for splenomegaly, the underlying disease causing the enlargement should be treated if possible, and surgical splenectomy is rarely necessary because it can cause a variety of problems, including a predisposition to serious infections. Hypersplenism (referred to as hypersplenism) is a syndrome with clinical manifestations of splenomegaly, one or more blood cell decreases, and a corresponding increase in bone marrow hematopoietic cells, which may be relieved by splenectomy. The clinical symptoms can be corrected after splenectomy. The main surgical indications for splenectomy are: portal hypertension combined with splenomegaly; hypersplenism (leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia and erythropoiesis); pain or compression of adjacent organs due to a giant spleen; partial bleeding or infarction of a giant spleen; splenic tumors.