In megasplenomegaly, the spleen is significantly larger, usually tens to hundreds of times larger than normal. Especially in portal hypertension, the blood flow to the spleen is obstructed, the splenic sinuses are open, the spleen is bruised, and a large amount of blood is stored in the enlarged spleen, sometimes up to thousands of milliliters. Infectious splenomegaly: clinical manifestations include fever, rash, skin bruising, enlarged liver, spleen and lymph nodes, splenomegaly is usually mild and soft, such diseases include typhoid, sepsis, viral hepatitis, bacterial endocarditis, malaria, etc. Diagnosis can usually be made by testing for the appropriate pathogens. 2, cirrhosis: history of hepatitis or schistosomiasis infection, slow onset, clinical manifestations of wasting, weakness, loss of appetite, abdominal distension, bleeding tendency, ascites, etc., physical examination of the abdominal wall varices, spleen enlargement, mostly mild, moderate enlargement, schistosomiasis liver fibrosis can be manifested as a giant spleen, advanced hypersplenism can occur, through medical history, clinical manifestations, liver function tests, ultrasound and other examinations can be made Diagnosis can be made through history, clinical manifestations, liver function test and ultrasound. 3, chronic hemolytic anemia: hemolysis-induced splenomegaly, generally mild to moderate enlargement, symptoms include anemia, jaundice, etc. Laboratory tests may include increased reticulocytes, active proliferation of the bone marrow juvenile red lineage, increased serum indirect or unconjugated bilirubin, and increased urobilinogen. 4, leukemia: acute leukemia is fast developing, manifested as infection, anemia, bleeding and other symptoms, the spleen is mostly mildly enlarged; chronic leukemia starts slowly, with the development of the disease, the spleen can be highly enlarged, peripheral blood examination can be seen immature early leukocytes, bone marrow image can be seen a large number of primitive cells or naive leukocytes, generally according to the peripheral blood image, bone marrow aspiration examination can distinguish between the various types of leukemia. Malignant lymphoma: Malignant lymphoma is characterized by painless local or generalized lymph node enlargement with fever, liver enlargement, and mild to moderate spleen enlargement, and R-S cells or lymphoma cells can be found on lymph node biopsy and bone marrow smear.